Papers

No signaling in time (NSIT) has often been treated as the clean operational remnant of noninvasive measurability. If an earlier measurement leaves every later marginal unchanged, the temporal process appears classical. We show that this inference is false. We introduce common fixed points (CFPs) of nonselective measurement channels as an exact mechanism that erases all marginal evidence of invasiveness while preserving disturbed outcome conditioned branches. For a qutrit ring subject to a local degenerate Luders measurement, we solve the full CFP manifold analytically. Every state on this manifold satisfies exact pairwise NSIT, yet every nontrivial member violates a Leggett Garg inequality, including the maximally mixed state. The violation is governed by finite branch displacement, not by residual signaling. Hidden variable reconstruction, entropic witnesses, protocol landscape scans, noise robustness, and finite shot simulations show that exact NSIT certifies only the disappearance of marginal signals after outcome erasure, not the existence of a classical temporal history.

The Navascués–Pironio–Acín (NPA) hierarchy gives the standard semidefinite outer approximations to quantum behaviors. Whether any finite level can already equal the quantum set has remained open even in the bipartite scenario with two binary measurements per party. We demonstrate that no finite level is exact. For the symmetric doubly tilted CHSH functional $h_\alpha=A_0B_0+A_0B_1+A_1B_0-A_1B_1+\alpha(A_0+B_0)$, set $T=1-\alpha$. Its quantum maximum satisfies $[\omega_{\rm Q}(1-T)-(4-2T)]/T^3\to4/3$, whereas every fixed NPA level satisfies $[\omega_L(1-T)-\omega_{\rm Q}(1-T)]/T^3\to+\infty$. Under the corresponding boundary rescaling, an explicit expectation of the positive operator $\omega_{\rm Q}(1-t^2)I-H_t$ converges to the Motzkin polynomial. A bounded fixed-level error would therefore make the Motzkin polynomial plus a nonnegative constant a sum of squares, which is impossible. Consequently, every standard NPA relaxation based on a fixed finite list of words in the measurement projectors strictly contains the complete quantum set, and its nonquantum behaviors accumulate at a local deterministic behavior. Thus, the finite-level exactness of CHSH and all one-sided tilted CHSH maxima does not extend to an exact finite-level description of the complete quantum set in the minimal scenario.

A companion study ran a 35B mixture-of-experts model on a 2011 NVIDIA Tesla C2075 (Fermi, sm_20, 6GB) as a GPU-prefill/CPU-decode hybrid, because the 4-bit model did not fit in device memory (arXiv:2606.24031). This report keeps the hardware and asks what a model that fits can do: we deploy MiniCPM-V-4.6, a modern multimodal assistant pairing a SigLIP2 vision encoder and window-attention merger (16x visual token compression) with a compact hybrid gated-delta-net backbone, entirely on the GPU. Three results. (i) An all-GPU engine built on measured foundations: projections that dequantize 8-bit weights once and call the vendor SGEMM still in the last Fermi toolchain (64% of FP32 peak; our best hand-written GEMM hit 37%, wrongly called the ceiling); a chunked delta-rule rewrite of the recurrent layers, 2.8x faster than the sequential scan once attribution exposed one bad kernel; and a measured negative: 4-bit weights make decode slower than 8-bit here, since Fermi issues nibble-unpacking shifts at half rate. (ii) The vision side is a port with a proof obligation: we translate tower, merger, and projector to sm_20 CUDA, validating every stage against a locally generated reference forward (full tower 1.4e-5). One failure, position-embedding bucketization differing on exact rational ties, generalizes to a rule: float tie-breaking in index arithmetic is implementation-defined; call the reference operator, do not reimplement it. (iii) Long context exposes an O(N^2) wall short benchmarks hide: prefill falls from 114 tok/s at 2k tokens to 21 at 10k in a naive attention kernel; per-head vendor-GEMM calls writing into the existing score buffer (zero extra memory) restore a flat profile (408 at 2k, 361 at 10k; 17x), verified by exact needle retrieval from 60% depth. The same rewrite cuts image encoding 6x, to 0.93s. The system answers an image question end-to-end in 1.7s.

The quest for superconductivity created by light extends for more than half a century, yet direct evidence of a true zero-resistance state - whose macroscopic quantum phase coherence is both created and controlled by light - has remained elusive. Here we report for the first time on a complex but robust light-programmable superconducting (LiPS) state at an aluminium-silicon heterojunction that is created and fully controlled with femtosecond laser pulses. The superconducting critical temperatures - ranging from 1.8 to 8.5 K, can be increased or erased at will by the application of tailored pulse sequences. At low temperatures the LiPS state shows features characteristic of a Berezinski-Kosterlitz-Thouless topological transition, but another distinct state appears at temperatures above 2 K, which shows clear signatures of quantum phase disorder. In the presence of a magnetic field we observe behaviour characteristic of vortex pinning and creep consistent with the 2-dimensional (2D) nature of the phase coherent system. The origin of the LiPS effect is attributed to light pulse control of the Moire-like superlattice of misfit dislocations (MDs) arising from discommensurations between the Al and Si lattices which is visible by high-resolution electron microscopy. We show how light pulses can be used to control the superlattice periodicity and highlight the appearance of topologically protected soliton-like kinks along the dislocation lines, important for imparting controllable metastability to the system. The demonstration of LiPS paves the way for designing metastable superconducting devices with controllable phase-coherence, enabling applications such as light-engineered quantum circuits, local gap tuning in quantum processors, and optically switchable superconducting devices.

Distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) are foundational building blocks of classical and quantum photonic technologies. However, their optical responses are typically fixed upon fabrication, limiting circuit robustness, reconfigurability, and functionality in applications from high-speed communications to quantum computing. Here, we demonstrate photonic chip-based programmable DBRs at telecommunications wavelengths, which are formed by electro-optically inducing refractive index contrast between periodic ferroelectric domains in thin-film lithium niobate waveguides. We achieve voltage-controlled Bragg reflection from zero to near-unity, and gigahertz-speed reflectivity modulation. Our results bring DBRs into the ultrafast programmable regime, opening new opportunities in topological photonics, cavity quantum electrodynamics, integrated lasers, and optical interconnects. The interplay between nanoscale ferroelectric domain engineering and strong electro-optic nonlinearity establishes a new design strategy for nanophotonic devices, otherwise inaccessible in bulk media.

Heterogeneous integration provides a promising route to combine semiconductor quantum dot devices and superconducting microwave circuits, while allowing each component to be fabricated using an optimized process flow. Here, we demonstrate a flip-chip integrated platform for dispersive readout of silicon metal-oxide semiconductor (SiMOS) quantum dot devices. A SiMOS double quantum dot chip is bonded to a superconducting aluminum resonator chip using indium bump interconnects to enable microwave coupling to the quantum dot gate. We show that the developed flip-chip process is compatible with cryogenic operation of both the SiMOS device and the superconducting resonator, and demonstrate resonator-based detection of charge transitions in the quantum dot system. The readout signal-to-noise ratio follows a dependence of $\sqrt{t}$ with the integration time, reaching SNR = 1 at an integration time of approximately 0.3 ms. These results establish flip-chip bonding as a viable integration approach for SiMOS quantum dot devices operating at both dc and microwave frequencies, with potential applications for resonator-based techniques such as spin-photon coupling.

We investigate spin-resolved decay of an axion-like particle (ALP) into an electron–positron pair in an intense laser field. Using the Baier–Katkov quasiclassical operator formalism in a constant crossed field, we derive a compact analytic rate retaining finite ALP-mass effects and the lepton spin degrees of freedom. In the massless limit, the spin-summed rate has the same weak- and strong-field asymptotic scalings as the corresponding photon-induced pair-creation rate, while the pseudoscalar coupling induces distinct spin-resolved channels and spin correlations. A finite ALP mass reorganizes the spectrum across the vacuum threshold, producing purely field-induced pair creation below threshold and spin-dependent oscillatory modulations above threshold through the coherent interplay of vacuum and field-assisted contributions. The entanglement of the produced pair reflects the dominant pair-creation mechanism. After the emission angles have been traced out, the reduced spin state near the vacuum threshold in weak fields is nearly maximally entangled and singlet-like. In the strong-field regime, it becomes triplet-like while retaining a concurrence approaching 1/2, whereas deep in the vacuum-dominated above-threshold regime it becomes triplet-like and separable. These results establish spin-resolved spectra and entanglement as characteristic signatures of finite-mass and threshold effects in strong-field ALP decay.

The electroweak decay width of the top quark of ~2 GeV is comparable to binding energies expected for the toponium system, raising the long-standing question of whether top and antitop quarks can sustain meaningful bound states. This issue has been been reignited by recent discoveries of a cross section enhancement near the t-tbar threshold by the CMS and ATLAS collaborations in pp collisions at the LHC. Here, we deploy a T-matrix approach with an underlying Cornell potential to study the properties of the toponium system by varying the top-quark widths in the intermediate propagators. In particular, we carry out a complex-energy analysis of the T-matrix to assess how its poles, as a rigorous criterion for bound-state formation, develop from the limit of small widths to realistic ones. We also revisit the impact of the confining force in the potential on the toponium T-matrix.

V. I. Sorokina$^1$\footnote [99]{e-mail: vasilisushka05@gmail.com}, V. V. Bobylev$^2$, G. A. Gontcharov$^{2}$, A. T. Bajkova$^2$A detailed study of the dust distribution in the Local System was conducted. Using the latest map by Gontcharov et al., smoothed distributions of dust matter were obtained in projection onto the galactic plane $XY$ using various smoothing parameters. Within the 2-kpc radius region around the Sun under study, key structural features associated with the Radcliffe Wave, Split, Sagittarius Spur Extension, Malpolon+Natrix, and Vela Ridge superclouds are clearly identified. It was shown that the Radcliffe Wave, Malpolon+Natrix, and Vela Ridge regions exhibit periodic perturbations of vertical coordinates with wavelengths ranging from 2.5 kpc (Radcliffe Wave) to 2 kpc (Malpolon+Natrix and Vela Ridge). No similar long-wavelength, high-amplitude oscillations of vertical coordinates were detected in the Sagittarius Spur Extension and Split regions.

We study the Lyapunov spectrum scaling of thermal weakly-nonlinear unitary maps in the presence of quasiperiodic potentials. We search for the crossover from long-range to short-range scaling as the localization length {\xi} decreases and compare the details to the case of uncorrelated Anderson disorder [Phys. Rev. Res. 6 L012064 (2024)]. A comparative statistical analysis of the eigenstates for the linear case shows that quasiperiodicity has a stronger localization impact at the same value of {\xi}. Therefore we expect that the scaling crossover should be enhanced as well. However, the numerical analysis shows that it is strongly delayed as compared to Anderson disorder, and is observed at anomalously small values of {\xi}. These findings hint at the potential impact of long range correlations of quasiperiodic localized eigenstates, which persist in the presence of interactions even in the case of integrability breaking and thermalization.

Integral Field Spectroscopy provides simultaneous spatial and spectral information, making it a powerful technique for studying both point like and extended astronomical sources. As part of our effort to develop a compact Integral Field Spectrograph (IFS) for optical astronomy, we have designed and realized a fiber based prototype with a resolving power of ~800 at the H-$\alpha$ wavelength. The front end optics, including the fore optics and lenslet based integral field unit (IFU), have been designed and optimized. In the present work, we focus on the design and laboratory verification of a fiber only IFU module consisting of 37 fibers arranged in a precise hexagonal geometry to match the lenslet pitch. The back end of the system forms a linear fiber slit that feeds a laboratory built spectrograph. The optical design was optimized using ZEMAX, and the system was experimentally tested using a Neon emission lamp and solar light. The measured spectra clearly show prominent features including the H-$\alpha$ lines, with dispersion and resolution consistent with theoretical predictions. Although lenslets are not yet integrated, this work establishes a validated methodology for accurate fiber alignment for IFS. This results form a crucial step toward the full implementation of a lenslet fiber based IFS for the 2.34 meter Vainu Bappu Telescope.

We study the impacts of the Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization condition and the assault frequency on the {\alpha} decay half-life within the semiclassical model. The potential between the {\alpha} particle and daughter nucleus is calculated by the double-folding model using the CDM3Y3 density-dependent nucleon-nucleon interaction with a finite-range exchange term. We show that the proper implementation of the Bohr-Sommerfeld condition leads to a considerable change of the calculated {\alpha} decay half-life with certain forms of potential. We also propose an alternative treatment for the assault frequency based on the generalized oscillator potential. This description of assault frequency considerably improves the agreement between the calculated {\alpha} decay half-lives and the experimental data.

Community structures are common in real networks, and extracting them provides valuable insight in applications ranging from drug discovery to market segmentation. Overlapping community detection (OCD) is the task of clustering networked data in which nodes may belong to multiple clusters. Existing OCD algorithms often struggle to achieve a suitable balance between detection quality and scalability. We, therefore, propose Highway, a scalable OCD algorithm that exploits the sparse backbone of the input network to perform efficient community inference. We used 728 Lancichinetti-Fortunato-Radicchi benchmark networks to compare Highway and its ablated version against 10 existing OCD algorithms. Our results, based on five performance measures, demonstrate a competitive performance for Highway. It ranks first in overlapping normalized mutual information with a 6.9% improvement over the strongest baseline. It also ranks second in all the other four performance measures. These comparative results suggest that Highway coupled with its backbone procedure offers a suitable accuracy-efficiency trade-off. The Highway algorithm is open-source and available as part of the CDlib library.

We develop an analytic treatment of primordial non-Gaussianity in multifield inflation that is nonperturbative in the constant curvature–isocurvature mixing strength $\lambda$. Using exact linear solutions for the coupled curvature perturbation $\zeta$ and isocurvature perturbation $\sigma$, we construct dressed propagators and derive exact integral representations for the tree-level bispectra generated by the interactions $\dot\zeta^2\sigma$, $\dot\zeta\,\sigma^2$, and $\sigma^3$. This formalism resums curvature–isocurvature transfer to all orders in $\lambda$ and applies for arbitrary values of the entropy mass $\mu$. We obtain closed-form expressions for the leading squeezed limit of the bispectrum contributions and recover the well-known cosmological-collider and quasi-single-field results in the weak-mixing limit. In the strong-mixing regime, where conventional transfer perturbation theory breaks down, we find that both the power spectrum and the bispectrum can be dramatically enhanced, giving rise to distinctive nonperturbative scaling laws for the reduced non-Gaussian amplitude. Together, these results open a new analytic window onto multifield inflation beyond the weak-coupling approximation and establish a framework for studying cosmological-collider signals, primordial-black-hole production, and loop corrections in strongly mixed inflationary dynamics.

We propose a Bayesian co-optimization framework for robust integrated photonic lattice-filter demultiplexers, jointly optimizing device placement and design parameters under fabrication and thermal variations. Results show 75% better spectral matching and 45% lower calibration power.

Accurate knowledge of the redshift distributions of unresolved galaxy populations is essential for extracting the cosmological information encoded in the cosmic optical background. We present the first framework for estimating these distributions directly from multi-band maps of unresolved background light, using conditional normalising flows trained on realistic image simulations. For imaging qualities comparable to those expected from the synergy between the Euclid and Rubin LSST surveys, our model achieves sub-per cent accuracy in both the mean and standard deviation of the flux-weighted redshift distributions when the training and target samples are statistically well matched. Furthermore, the network proves highly resilient to incomplete photometric coverage when combined with tailored data imputation strategies. To address the challenge of statistical mismatches between simulations and real observations, we propose incorporating observational quantities into the target variables, providing a built-in diagnostic to assess model reliability and uncertainty from the predictions themselves. We also demonstrate the feasibility of map-based tomographic analyses, showing that the model retains sufficient pixel-level detail to recover redshift distributions for tomographically defined subsamples with near sub-per cent accuracy across all bins. These results establish conditional normalising flows as a viable tool for redshift estimation of unresolved sources, opening new opportunities for component separation, signal interpretation, and cosmological inference using multi-band optical background fluctuations.

Nonlinear thermodynamic computers based on Langevin dynamics exploit thermal fluctuations as a physical substrate for computation. Recent work has shown that quartic-confined fluctuating degrees of freedom can act as thermodynamic neurons capable of nonlinear function approximation at finite observation times. Here we extend this paradigm from mean-only readout to moment-resolved readout. Instead of representing each driven reservoir solely by its first moment, we construct a response vector from the elementwise raw polynomial moments \(\mathbb{E}[\bm{x}]\), \(\mathbb{E}[\bm{x}^{\odot 2}]\), and \(\mathbb{E}[\bm{x}^{\odot 4}]\). These observables combine displacement and central-shape contributions and are naturally aligned with the linear, quadratic, and quartic terms of the local driven dynamics. We further introduce a heterogeneous multi-reservoir architecture in which three reservoirs with distinct initialization and training histories form a joint \(2304\)-dimensional response representation. Under the fixed MNIST \(60000/10000\) reproduction protocol, feature-level fusion achieves the best observed accuracy of \(9695/10000=96.95\%\), compared with \(9682/10000=96.82\%\) for the strongest single-reservoir model and \(9684/10000=96.84\%\) for equal-weight logit averaging. An exact paired McNemar test does not establish a statistically significant improvement over the strongest single reservoir, but the ablation and wrong-set overlap results provide suggestive evidence of complementary classification errors. These results motivate higher-order polynomial-moment readout and reservoir heterogeneity as candidate design principles for finite-time Langevin computing.

Basket option pricing often relies on Monte Carlo estimation, for which quantum amplitude estimation (QAE) provides a quadratic speed-up. However, the practical benefit of QAE can be limited by the depth of the state-preparation circuit. We propose a structure-aware quantum state-preparation framework for QAE-based basket option pricing. The framework uses tensor-train (TT) rank information to design shallow variational state-preparation circuits. In the independent regime, TT ranks remove unnecessary entangling links from a hardware-efficient ansatz. In correlated basket settings, we instead prepare asset-wise marginals locally and train a compact latent block to match the basket cumulative distribution function. The Basket-CDF objective targets the basket pushforward distribution rather than the full joint state, directly aligning state preparation with basket-dependent payoffs. Numerical experiments show that the proposed circuits replace the exponential state-preparation depth scaling of exact amplitude loading with linear scaling, while maintaining low-percent basket-pricing errors. Additional sampling-based training experiments and an end-to-end QAE integration study support compatibility with sample-estimated training and standard QAE-based pricing workflows.

In cavity optomechanics, the interaction between light and motion is usually introduced via the shift of cavity resonances in response to mechanical displacement. Here we present an analysis of Hamiltonian dynamics of an optomechanical system with a different form of optomechanical coupling, in which mechanical motion dynamically couples otherwise independent optical modes. In the language of Schwinger pseudospin operators, the dispersive coupling can be interpreted as "longitudinal" while the mode-coupling mechanism corresponds to a transverse interaction. The latter is well known in cavity and circuit QED but was given only scarce attention in cavity optomechanics. Unlike the traditional dispersive/dissipative coupling, the mode-coupling optomechanical interaction generates rich Hamiltonian dynamics even in the absence of external drive or dissipation. For instance, under certain initial conditions this dynamics is characterized by a Hamiltonian Hopf bifurcation controlled by the total photon power injected into the system. Below the bifurcation threshold and for large enough non-linearity, mechanical modulation of optical amplitudes generates a broad spectrum of multiple sidebands covering a frequency interval larger than ten mechanical frequencies. Above the threshold, the frequency of optical oscillations becomes dependent on the mechanical amplitude, while mechanical degrees of freedom return to oscillating at their bare frequency. The scope of this work is limited to the study of purely Hamiltonian dynamics to demonstrate that the mechanically mediated mode-coupling optomechanical interaction provides an alternative method of coherent control of energy exchange between light and mechanical motion.

The slowest Liouvillian mode often bottlenecks the relaxation of an open quantum system to its steady state. Standard strategies circumvent this bottleneck by selecting special initial states or engineering the dissipator. Here we investigate this problem when the input and the subsequent dissipative generator are prescribed. We introduce a predissipative geometric steering protocol that reshapes a prescribed pure or mixed state before relaxation begins—coherent rotations interleaved with nonselective projective measurements—at a fixed Lindblad generator. By steering the state's Bloch direction along geodesic paths, the protocol suppresses its overlap with the slowest Liouvillian modes. The prepared state can then start farther from equilibrium yet relax faster, realizing the quantum Mpemba effect, as diagnosed by reduced slow-mode overlap and a larger initial distance to stationarity, with distance crossings for complex slow modes verified from the full dynamics. Our framework treats real and complex spectral gaps within a common mode-overlap description. We also quantify the state-side cost of this preparation through cumulative measurement-induced mixing and illustrate its tradeoff with fidelity for a mixed target. We demonstrate Mpemba acceleration in driven qubit and multiqubit systems and discuss the required operations in trapped-ion and superconducting platforms.

We present VEQ-MF, a fast spectral parameter-scan framework for two-dimensional axisymmetric multi-fluid equilibria with prescribed species-dependent toroidal rotation. The solver couples generalized Boltzmann density responses, quasineutral electrostatic polarization, and a generalized Grad–Shafranov equation, extending reduced-parameter Grad-Shafranov and VEQ formulations to multi-species rotating equilibria. Rotating $p\text{-}^{11}\text{B}$ spherical-tokamak configurations are used as a demanding test case. Independent scans of the proton and boron rotation frequencies are performed in EHL-2 and EHL-3B geometries. The computed fields are then post-processed to obtain fusion power from a drift-Maxwellian reaction-rate coefficient and bremsstrahlung power from an analytical radiation model. Three in-range EHL-3B finite-difference benchmarks give global stored-energy, bremsstrahlung-power, and fusion-power differences of $1.7$–$3.4\%$, while a representative convergence check shows sub-percent sensitivity to increasing the spectral-parameter number and negligible sensitivity to Gaussian-grid refinement. The core equilibrium solve remains fast for repeated scans, with representative nonzero EHL-3B cases requiring $0.032$–$0.050$~s per point in MATLAB, excluding post-processing, interpolation, plotting, and file export. The scans identify two competing multi-fluid effects. Under iso-rotation, outward boron accumulation increases the volume-integrated $n_e^2$, so the fusion-to-bremsstrahlung power ratio $\mathcal{R}_{\mathrm{fb}}$ decreases with increasing rotation. Species-dependent toroidal rotation weakens centrifugal polarization and lowers bremsstrahlung power, while the relative toroidal flow in the larger EHL-3B geometry raises the drift-Maxwellian reaction-rate coefficient and thereby modifies fusion power.

Generating non-equilibrium plasmas close to surfaces remains a significant challenge for conventional plasma sources. Existing plasma generation schemes create volumetric discharges with limited spatial selectivity that lead to inefficient energy deposition and poor coupling between reactive intermediates and nearby surfaces. This work establishes tailored resonant field enhancement as a mechanism for prescribing where plasma forms near dielectric surfaces through microwave excitation. In this approach, the geometry, refractive index, and packing configuration of dielectric materials define resonant field structures that interfere constructively and amplify electric fields locally. Plasma forms only within these resonant volumes where the amplified fields exceed the local breakdown threshold, while the surrounding gas remains below breakdown. Microwave pulse shaping then provides dynamic control over these modes and can be used to excite different families of resonances, determine where breakdown occurs, and reconfigure what locations microplasmas occupy from one pulse to the next. We validate this framework through theory, electromagnetic simulations, and experiments using a pair of high-permittivity dielectric resonators. These studies identify multiple resonant mode families, demonstrate dynamic repositioning of microplasmas between prescribed breakdown sites, quantify the ignition characteristics of each mode, and confirm that multiple resonant microplasmas remain confined to localized field-enhancement regions during a microwave pulse. Together, these results establish a framework for designing resonant dielectric materials that localize, reconfigure, and control atmospheric-pressure plasmas near surfaces.

The feeble interactions of light axion-like particles (ALPs) render them long-lived. Probing long-lived ALPs therefore demands facilities with a macroscopic decay volume to match their potentially long decay lengths, such as high-intensity beam dump experiments. An optical dump setup was proposed by utilizing hard photons from the collision of a high-energy electron beam and a high-intensity laser pulse. In this work, we revisit the probe of long-lived ALPs with MeV$\sim$ GeV mass via a laser-assisted optical dump. We consider the low-energy effective Lagrangian for ALPs incorporating the ALP-photon and ALP-fermion interactions. The scope of optical dump searches is extended to both the ALP-photon coupling induced Primakoff process and the Compton-like scattering via the ALP-electron coupling. We also investigate the correlation between Primakoff process and Compton scattering, and exhibit the interplay of two ALP couplings in light of optical dump experiment.

As a crucial tool in the field of chaotic systems study, Symbolic dynamics prompts extensive research into various methods for symbolic partitioning. The limitations of the majority of these methods are usually heuristic and empirical for partitioning the multivariate chaotic state space. Fortunately, we successfully take KA method and obtain primary coarse symbolic boundary and refine the symbolic boundary via GKA method on chaotic map in our previous studies. However, this method fails when applied to continuous chaotic flows. The trajectories of complex continuous chaotic flows are complex, and while their mechanisms are quite different from those of chaotic maps, they are by no means completely distinct – after all, both are governed by the same fundamental laws of chaos. In response to the aforementioned challenges, a modified approach should be developed to overcome the failure of the existing method for continuous chaotic flows. In this study, we extend the Koopman-analysis-based symbolic partitioning approach to continuous chaotic flows. For general chaotic flows, Koopman analysis is employed to identify suitable Poincare sections. In this work, we construct different candidate Poincare sections based on ordinal patterns. By combining this ordinal-pattern-based Poincare section construction method with the Koopman-analysis-based return-map approach, we achieve effective symbolic partitioning of continuous chaotic flows. Noise perturbation tests are also conducted, demonstrating the robustness of the proposed method. This ordinal-pattern-based analysis is applied to Rossler system, Lorenz system, Lu system and Chen system. This study, with the aid of ordinal patterns, successfully introduces an effective symbolic partition into continuous systems, achieving a faithful transfer of the method from maps to continuous flows.

Machine-learning force fields (MLFFs) are reliable only near their training distribution, making efficient construction of diverse training sets a major bottleneck for both train-from-scratch and foundation fine-tuning workflows. Active learning can reduce this cost, but standard model-committee uncertainty is impractical for foundation MLFFs because each committee member requires a separate fine-tuning run. We present an active-learning workflow based on last-layer-projection regression (LLPR), a forward-pass-cheap per-configuration uncertainty estimator. Across molecular, condensed-phase, and electrolyte systems, LLPR identifies compact, high-value training sets that recover full-data accuracy using only a small fraction of electronic-structure labels. In foundation-model fine-tuning, LLPR-selected configurations approach the practical fine-tuning ceiling with substantially fewer labels than random selection. In iterative electrolyte fine-tuning, LLPR detects unphysical local coordination before new labelling, calibrates uncertainty in force-error units, and supports retrospective convergence monitoring. The resulting models reproduce reference density and Li–O coordination structure, providing a scalable uncertainty-quantification strategy across MLFF training regimes.

Scaling quantum networks beyond point-to-point links requires packet forwarding that can tolerate control-plane timing uncertainty. Existing optical-burst switching (OBS) and quantum-wrapper-based packet switching (QW) rely on external classical headers whose jitter-prone processing must remain aligned with in-flight quantum payloads, creating guard-window or fiber-delay-line budget failures. This paper proposes Syndrome-as-Header (SAH), a quantum label-switching architecture that embeds routing labels into the syndrome structure of an encoded payload. The proposed scheme uses Uncorrectable Error Injection (UEI) to map flow labels to reference syndromes and builds a syndrome-space header codebook whose decoding regions remain distinguishable under correctable channel-induced syndrome deviations. Core routers extract the syndrome header, suppress the correctable residual channel-error component, and swap labels without measuring or decoding the logical payload. SAH supports FAST forwarding and VERIFICATION mode, the latter providing end-to-end consistency checking while retaining swappable labels. In NSFNet timing benchmarks with common per-hop quantum error correction (QEC), SAH eliminates the external-header/payload alignment condition, so timing uncertainty appears as memory residence and delivered latency rather than alignment-budget drops. With a $T_2$-based memory-residence penalty, the advantage depends on router memory coherence; for sufficiently long coherence, SAH maintains higher acceptance and throughput than OBS+QEC and QW+QEC under high jitter.

Based on a photonic computing platform, we experimentally validate a generalized variational quantum linear solver (VQLS) by systematically solving four-dimensional linear equation systems across different fields. In the complex field, in addition to solving non-singular systems that admit a unique solution, we investigate ill-conditioned problems arising from singularity–an issue frequently encountered in practical applications. To tackle these challenges, we introduce perturbation terms, a treatment inspired by Tikhonov regularization, and develop an algorithm capable of handling a wide range of systems. Furthermore, we extend the VQLS to the finite field F2 by redesigning the cost function to incorporate modulo 2 and imposing several constraints on the solution vector. This modulo 2 VQLS is inherently free from singularity. It is adapt to stabilizer coding theory and may find applications in areas such as decoders and the design of quantum gate sequences. Therefore, our work demonstrates the practical potential of VQLS in quantum computing, providing a solid experimental foundation and methodological guidance for its real-world applications.

Hydrated electrons of opposite spins pair to form dielectrons at sufficiently high concentrations that can be achieved by dissolution of alkali metals in water. While experimental investigations of these systems are challenging due to their vigorous, even explosive, reactivity, simulations open the possibility to characterize the structure and reactivity of hydrated dielectrons and the effects of alkali cations thereon. Here, we present ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of a hydrated dielectron without or with explicit Li$^+$ or Cs$^+$ counterions. While the overall solvation structure is preserved in all these systems, the presence of cations has a distinct effect of increasing the dielectron gyration radius by about 10% and forming cation-specific cation-dielectron arrangements. Moreover, analysis of water bond lengths reveals in all studied systems a substantial elongation of first-shell O-H bonds oriented toward the dielectron, providing a structural explanation for vibrational red-shifts observed in resonance Raman measurements. Finally, at the 10 ps simulation timescale, rare reactive events were observed, albeit only for the system without metal cations, where hydride intermediates stable on picosecond timescales were identified. These observations also suggest that on the investigated timescales, metal cations may suppress hydrated dielectron reactivity.

We investigated the impact of the anode's work-function on the performance of an all inorganic PeLED device which was hailed for stability and long lifetime with drift-diffusion and Poisson equations embedded as a computation package in Setfos, a commercially professional software to emulate LED. According to the simulation results, a conclusion that a thin high work-function metal layer inserted between indium tin oxide (ITO) and hole transport layer of nickel oxide (NiOx) substantially facilitated hole injection by decrementing the hole injection barrier. 2 nm thick gold (Au) had been checked and dramatically enhanced luminance intensity by more than 18 fold times had been attained. The situation went for other high work function metals like Pd and Pt as well. Our high work-function thin metal layers decorating anodes in PeLED in facilitating hole injection unfolds a new trajectory towards efficiently boosting PeLED luminance with a technique that is compatible with large scale fabrication process.

Maximal quantum leakage (MQL) is a worst-case information leakage measure that quantifies an adversary's inference advantage gained from accessing quantum encoding of classical data with arbitrary measurements. While MQL admits an exact characterization for a given ensemble of quantum states, its robustness to implementation imperfections has not been systematically studied. In this paper, we analyze the sensitivity of maximal quantum leakage under perturbations of the quantum encoding. We establish a continuity bound in terms of the trace distance between ideal and perturbed quantum states, and show, via an example, that this bound is attainable. We further derive fidelity-based and relative-entropy-based sufficient conditions for bounding the variation of maximal quantum leakage, and illustrate numerically that these conditions can be loose.