Papers

We investigate microscopic mechanisms underlying decoherence-induced transitions between topologically ordered states. As a first case study, we analyze the color code using topological entanglement negativity (TEN) and a disorder parameter associated with 1-form symmetry. We interpret these quantities as first- and zeroth-dimensional simplicial homological objects, respectively, and show that the transition can be understood in terms of decoherence percolation. To resolve its local structure, we introduce quasi-local TEN (QLTEN), which visualizes the spatial distribution of local topological properties and the growth of decohered regions. We further introduce explosive percolation (EP), corresponding here to biased decoherence that suppresses the formation of large decohered clusters. As a second case study, we consider the toric code on a triangular lattice under external-field-type decoherence. Numerical results show that QLTEN faithfully captures the emergence of Higgs regions and the survival of logical qubits. Although global TEN, QLTEN clusters, and string operators are strongly correlated in both models, the color code and toric code respond differently to EP patterns. This difference indicates that a universal microscopic description of decoherence-induced topological phase transitions remains challenging even for closely related systems.

Graphene Josephson junctions represent an excellent platform for quantum technologies, thanks to the combination of high carrier mobility, ballistic transport, and large gate-tunable critical currents, preserved even under quantizing magnetic fields. Investigating the spatial distribution of supercurrent flow could be crucial for elucidating transport mechanisms and advancing the engineering of these devices. In this work, we employ a Scanning Gate Microscope to investigate supercurrent transport in hBN-encapsulated graphene Josephson junctions contacted by Niobium leads. We study the supercurrent modulation as a function of the applied tip voltage bias and tip-to-sample distance, and provide a complete characterization of the tip-induced modulation. Our experimental results are quantitatively consistent with numerical simulations and pave the way towards local mapping and manipulation of gate-tunable superconducting phenomena with unprecedented spatial resolution.

We study a classical system-bath model in which a system particle is linearly coupled to a bath of harmonic oscillators. In a system subject to white and correlated Gaussian noises, we derive an expression for the joint probability density, and the mean squared values of the system-bath particles are calculated. For white noise, the mean squared values of the system-bath particles exhibit an anomalous time dependence, which is different from that of normal diffusion. In particular, for a correlated Gaussian noise, the mean squared displacement and mean squared velocity of the bath particle show superspreading growths of $t^5$ and $t^3$ in $t{\ll}{\tau}$, respectively. When ${\tau}=0$, the mean squared velocity of a quantum particle under random noise is proportional to $t$, while the mean squared velocity of a bath particle in the presence of correlated Gaussian noise increases in proportion to $t^2$. This anomalous transport phenomenon results from the mixed derivative structure of the master equation, which couples with the transport coordinates in the diffusion dynamics of the relative coordinates. This result shows that the removal of dissipation in the Caldeira-Leggett framework leads to fundamentally different transport mechanisms characterized by non-diffusive quantum diffusion.

The recent discovery of superconductivity in La$_5$Ni$_3$O$_{11}$ extends the family of superconducting Ruddlesden–Popper nickelates beyond La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$. Unlike conventional members of a single Ruddlesden–Popper series, La$_5$Ni$_3$O$_{11}$ contains an intercalated La$_2$NiO$_4$ layer between La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$ blocks, raising the question of whether this additional layer participates in the low-energy electronic structure. Here, we combine density functional theory, Wannier-based tight-binding modeling, and rotationally invariant slave-boson calculations to investigate the electronic role of the intercalated layer. We find that realistic electronic parameters place the La$_2$NiO$_4$ layer in gapped insulating regimes rather than a paramagnetic metallic state. Furthermore, realistic interlayer hybridization fails to generate any appreciable La$_2$NiO$_4$-derived spectral weight at the Fermi level. Our results demonstrate that the low-energy electronic structure of La$_5$Ni$_3$O$_{11}$ is governed primarily by the La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$ block, with the intercalated La$_2$NiO$_4$ layer remaining electronically inactive. This establishes a minimal low-energy description of La$_5$Ni$_3$O$_{11}$ and provides a unified framework for understanding superconductivity in intercalated Ruddlesden–Popper nickelates.

In the quest for sustainable energy solutions, water splitting emerges as a crucial process for generating clean hydrogen a versatile and renewable fuel essential for energy storage, emissions reduction, and achieving sustainability goals. This study employs a comprehensive computational approach, utilizing atomistic simulations to systematically investigate the effects of water absorption on the electronic and optical properties of g-C3N4 nanosheets. Our methodology integrates ab initio computations grounded in density functional theory (DFT), which allows for a detailed characterization of the nanosheet and serves as a benchmark for self-consistent charge density functional tight binding (SCC-DFTB) simulations. This approach provides valuable insights into the behavior of the nanosheet under the influence of absorbed OH and H2O molecules by considering calculated parameters for photocatalytic efficiency. Additionally, we extend our investigation to classical molecular dynamics simulations within the ReaxFF framework, modeling the emission of multiple H2O molecules and assessing the subsequent rate of H2 evolution. A key finding of our study reveals that the dissociation of H2O into HO and O molecules significantly enhances both the optical absorbance and conductance of the nanosheet compared to its pristine state. These results underscore the potential of g-C3N4 nanosheets as effective materials for water splitting applications.

We consider the unitary time evolution of an interface in the regime of spontaneously broken symmetry of the two-dimensional quantum Ising model. The interface is induced by an initial condition interpolating between the two degenerate ground states in one of the spatial dimensions. The interpolation is left generic in order to investigate the dependence of the late time dynamics on the initial condition. Exploiting the basis of asymptotic quasiparticle states of the bulk theory, the order parameter is analytically determined at large times in the rough phase. The mechanism allowing the breakdown of this phase as the distance from criticality increases emerges from the theory.

Three-dimensional Weyl semimetals (WSMs) constitute paradigmatic gapless topological phases whose nodal structure is stable against weak perturbations, including disorder. Two distinct ways to destroy the topology of the Weyl nodes are through pairwise annihilation in momentum space or by sufficiently strong disorder that eliminates the quasiparticle pole, driving the system into a non-Fermi-liquid diffusive-metallic state. In this work, we study the evolution of entanglement spectrum and entanglement entropy of a dirty WSM as it undergoes these two topological transitions. In the clean limit, the WSM topology is reflected by a locus of $\xi=1/2$ eigenvalues of the reduced correlation matrix mirroring the structure of Fermi arcs. We show that disorder broadens this feature into a finite-width distribution, which disappears either through a gradual loss of spectral weight upon node annihilation or by melting into the background at the onset of metallicity. When tuning across the disorder-driven transition, the scaling of the Rényi entropies observed for weak disorder gradually breaks down as the system approaches the critical disorder strength.

Using a non-perturbative quantum kinetic framework, we develop a unified description of the far-from-equilibrium dynamics of three-dimensional Bose gases following cooling quenches across the Bose-Einstein condensation transition. By tracking the spatio-temporal evolution of the momentum distribution, we show that the equilibrium condensation threshold simultaneously acts as a dynamical critical point, separating distinct far-from-equilibrium universality classes governed by different non-equilibrium attractors. While quenches above the transition exhibit a single-timescale relaxation toward a thermal fixed point, quenches below the transition display a crossover from a transient weak-turbulence regime to a coarsening fixed point governed by the diffusive recombination of vortex lines. Quenches directly to the condensation threshold, finally, are controlled by a previously unidentified critical fixed point characterized by the superdiffusive spreading of critical fluctuations and a distinct set of dynamical exponents. Together, these dynamical scaling laws establish a far-from-equilibrium counterpart of the condensation phase transition, in which the equilibrium critical point also organizes the long-time non-equilibrium dynamics.

We characterize the Hall response of non-interacting fermionic $M$-leg ladders in the presence of an artificial magnetic flux, that can be realized in one-dimensional optical lattices supplemented with a synthetic dimension. We focus on the Hall imbalance, which can be directly measured in experiments with ultracold fermionic atoms. At relatively large synthetic flux we find a dependence of the density that contrasts with previously reported density-independent behavior. In particular, the Hall imbalance can be significantly enhanced in the limit of small density of particles (or holes), or it can vanish and change sign at specific fluxes, which we obtain analytically in the large inter-leg coupling regime. This behavior is explained in terms of Lifshitz transitions of the band structure, where the number of Fermi points changes as a function of the flux and density. Finally, we explore the connection between these transitions and the so-called Meissner-vortex transition for fermionic ladders by computing the site-resolved leg and rung currents and discussing the similarities and differences with the bosonic counterpart.

The multichannel Dyson equation (MCDE) was recently introduced as a new approximation scheme to compute the one-body Green function in many-body systems, as reported by Riva et al. in Physical Review Letters, volume 131, article 216401, published in 2023. The physical content of this novel approximation scheme is further clarified by recovering it from an extended version of the algebraic diagrammatic construction (ADC) truncation scheme. It is thus demonstrated that the MCDE approximation lies in between the so-called ADC(2) and ADC(3) truncations of the dynamical self energy. Building on this clarification, the MCDE approximation is tested on the periodic one-dimensional Hubbard model with 4, 6, and 8 site lattices and shown to deliver an improved treatment over ADC(2) of both the quasiparticle peaks and the so-called satellites in the spectral strength distribution.

Polaritons—hybrid light-matter quasiparticles—provide a versatile platform for dynamically controlling a wide range of condensed matter systems. While conventional polaritonic platforms rely on direct dipole coupling, controlling dipole-forbidden or Raman-active lattice and spin excitations remains challenging due to optical selection rules and the limitations of THz cavities. Here, we propose a theoretical platform for realizing a continuous-wave magnon–Raman phonon–polariton condensate. By embedding a magnetic medium hosting strongly coupled magnon and Raman-active phonon (MRP) modes inside an optical microcavity under continuous-wave transverse laser pumping, we derive the stationary-state phase diagram and demonstrate the emerging signature of distinct MRP condensation phases under critical conditions. Furthermore, since the bare magnon frequency is tunable via an external magnetic field, we show that the transverse pump frequency and the external magnetic field-dependent magnon simultaneously as highly flexible control parameters for exploring and controlling macroscopic quantum phenomena at the interface of cavity quantum optics, lattice dynamics, and quantum magnetism.

Hafnium zirconium oxide (HZO) has attracted significant attention as a core material for next-generation non-volatile memories due to its excellent ferroelectricity in the ultra-thin film regime and its CMOS process compatibility. However, the exploration of its polarization switching mechanism has predominantly relied on static energy barrier analyses, leaving the transient bond formation and cooperative dynamic mechanisms under actual electric field driving unresolved. In this study, we performed Electric-Field-Induced MD simulations on a defect-free ideal HZO lattice using a fine-tuned machine learning force field (MACEField). As a result, we successfully reproduced the P-E hysteresis loop dynamically and demonstrated that the polarization switching in HZO is driven not by conventional simple displacement models (S:N/S:T models), but by the dynamic mutual exchange of 3-coordinated oxygen (O3c) and 4-coordinated oxygen (O4c). Analysis of the oxygen atom displacement trajectories revealed that this pathway is accompanied by a unique "detour" behavior originating from transient cation-oxygen bond formation. Furthermore, we identified an "internal self-compensation mechanism" in which the local volumetric expansion and contraction accompanying the coordination number changes are effectively offset within the cell. These findings provide, from a dynamic perspective, a microscopic physical origin of for HZO's exceptional ability to sustain stable polarization switching without macroscopic strain, a property that has long distinguished HZO from conventional perovskite ferroelectrics yet lacked atomistic explanation. These findings suggest that preserving the integrity of cooperative O3c/O4c exchange pathways, rather than minimizing individual atomic displacements, is the key design principle for endurance and scalability in next-generation ferroelectric memories.

Giant piezoelectricity in ferroelectrics is commonly associated with phase-boundary instabilities, among which the polymorphic phase boundary (PPB) is a prominent example conventionally attributed to the coexistence of ferroelectric phases. Here, using large-scale molecular dynamics simulations of the lead-free (K,Na)NbO3-(Bi,Na)ZrO3 solid solutions, we show that the PPB hosts a percolating multifractal polar domain which governs the dielectric and piezoelectric responses. By quantifying the global fractal dimension and multifractal spectrum width of this polar network, we identify fractal connectivity and multiscale heterogeneity as microstructural order parameters for the PPB. The maximum reversible piezoelectric response occurs when the fractal-domain volume fraction approaches the three-dimensional percolation threshold, suggesting that near-critical polar connectivity enables giant reversible electromechanical coupling. In this mechanism, the fractal backbone preserves polar memory and provides the restoring force required for reversibility, while the surrounding nonfractal regions supply the polar compliance needed for large polarization rotation and strain. These results establish percolating multifractal polar domains as a microscopic mechanism for PPB-enhanced piezoelectricity and suggest fractal connectivity as a design parameter for high-performance piezoelectrics.

Light scattering provides direct access to polymer conformations and thermodynamics. However, trace large-mass scatterers such as aggregates and nanobubbles form unavoidably in polymer solutions and dominate the scattered intensity, obscuring the intrinsic polymer signal. We demonstrate that resolving the static scattering intensity by molecular mobility cleanly separates the polymer and large-scatterer contributions. Applying this mode-resolved analysis to aqueous poly(ethylene glycol) solutions, we isolate the polymer scattering even when these scatterers account for more than 90 % of the total intensity. The resolved polymer intensity recovers the universal osmotic equation of state from the dilute to the semidilute regime over 288 to 358 K. This approach establishes a reliable basis for measuring the thermodynamics of interacting macromolecules in solutions where irreproducible large-mass scatterers have precluded quantitative analysis.

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) of magnetic adatoms on superconducting surfaces has established Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) states as a versatile platform for studying magnetic-superconducting interactions and phase-coherent quantum transport. Here, we investigate nonreciprocal supercurrent transport in a three-terminal Josephson junction comprising three BCS superconductors (`A', `B' and `C'), each coupled to a magnetic impurity hosting a pair of YSR states. Treating terminals `A' and `C' as primary transport electrodes and terminal `B' as a phase-control node, we demonstrate field-tunable nonreciprocal supercurrent between the primary electrodes. This effect requires both: the control terminal and broken particle-hole symmetry at least in one impurity attached to a primary electrode. Without the control terminal we show that the supercurrent remains reciprocal. Our results establish multi-terminal YSR junctions as a promising platform for engineering nonreciprocal superconducting transport and symmetry-breaking phenomena at the atomic scale.

While the low-temperature-differential (LTD) Stirling engines are innovative engines that can operate with low temperature differentials in our daily life, the problem of determining the critical temperature differences below which the engine ceases to rotate remains unexplored. In this study, we solve this problem using a nonlinear dynamics approach. We derive the self-consistent equations that determine the critical temperature differences as homoclinic bifurcation points of a dynamical model of the LTD Stirling engines. The solutions of the self-consistent equations reveal a combination of parameters that determines the critical temperature differences. This enables us to establish the fundamental design principles for improving the performance of the LTD Stirling engines beyond empirical designs.

In flat-band systems, quantum metric bounds physical observables like superfluid weight and coherence length, suggesting a single geometric scale for spatial correlations. Here, we show that the RKKY exchange in an isolated filled flat band can violate this expectation. With the intraband channel absent, the exchange proceeds via virtual interband transitions across the gap; the kernel becomes the inverse-gap-weighted trace product of the real-space flat-band projector and empty-band projectors. Because the corresponding momentum-space projectors are analytic, the kernel decays exponentially, with a decay length $\xi_\text{RKKY}$ set by the closest singularities of the analytically continued projectors in the complex momentum plane. Thus, this length depends on both the flat-band geometry and the band gap. Applying this formalism to Chern flat-band systems, we find that for small gaps, $\xi_\text{RKKY}$ depends non-monotonically on the quantum metric length: it first decreases, then increases, revealing that stronger quantum geometry can shorten the magnetic exchange range. Upon restoring dispersion, a nontrivial inversion representation can force the overlap between Bloch states at antipodal Fermi points to vanish under gate tuning, producing a $1/R^3$ RKKY tail instead of the conventional $1/R^2$—a geometric selection effect.

Altermagnets combine compensated magnetic order with momentum-dependent spin splitting, offering a route to spintronic functionality without the stray fields of conventional ferromagnets. Mechanical strain provides a promising means of controlling their Néel order, yet the microscopic pathway by which strain reorganizes an altermagnetic texture remains unresolved. Here, we combine scanning nitrogen-vacancy magnetometry with a piezo-driven uniaxial strain cell to directly image the strain-driven evolution of magnetic domains in bulk {\alpha}-MnTe at room temperature. By applying uniaxial stress along the nearest-neighbor Mn-Mn bond direction, we find that compressive strain reorganizes the magnetic texture through domain coalescence, increasing the size of the largest connected domain while reducing the domain-wall density. On sweeping toward tensile strain direction, however, the domain network follows a distinct trajectory from that observed during the compressive sweep. Instead, the large connected regions fragment into a new metastable configuration, producing pronounced hysteresis in the maximum domain size and stray-field distribution. These results identify domain connectivity and topology as key carriers of strain-induced magnetic memory. Our work reveals domain coalescence and hysteretic fragmentation as the microscopic pathway of strain control in {\alpha}-MnTe and establishes a route toward strain-programmable altermagnetic textures and reconfigurable spintronic devices.

The interfaces of superconductors and topological materials hold promise for realizing exotic states and excitations. An important example is provided by the chiral Andreev edge states (CAES), which are formed at interfaces between quantum Hall (QH) states and superconductors (SC). CAES combine electron and hole amplitudes which are hybridized via Andreev reflections. This study explores the spin properties of the CAES through selective spin filtering of the QH edge channels. We find robust evidence of spin-flips accompanying the Andreev processes: electrons can be reflected from the superconductor as holes in the same spin channel. We demonstrate that the distribution of the reflection probabilities is exponential and then use random matrix theory to account for this observation. Finally, we observe Andreev reflections in the spin-polarized {\nu} = 1 case, which is enabled by particle loss. Our findings shed light on the mechanism underlying Andreev reflections of spin-polarized chiral states. They also demonstrate the importance of considering non-Hermiticity when constructing topological superconductors in hybrid materials.

Physical Unified Device Architecture (PUDA) is an AI-native hardware harness for self-driving laboratories (SDLs). Rather than building a human-centered graphical user interface (GUI) orchestration layer, PUDA creates a command-line runtime environment that lets agents observe, orient, decide, and act over experiments while hardware execution remains deterministic, atomic, and auditable. Headless by design, devices appear through discoverable command-line interfaces, JSON protocols are routed through a distributed messaging system, and command responses, data products, and reports are preserved as structured records. PUDA organizes protocols, runs, samples, measurements, and command logs into an AI-native data structure linked by run identifiers and timestamps, preserving provenance from submitted protocol through hardware response to resulting data products. PUDA separates scientific orchestration from physical operation and data telemetry: agents choose experiments, while PUDA executes validated commands and captures provenance-linked state, responses, and data. The contribution is not another optimizer, orchestrator, or recipe language. It is a practical execution and data environment for agentic SDLs; the broader physical AI implication is that PUDA provides an AI-native hardware harness for AI systems to interact with physical tools.

In hybrid magnonic systems, linear magnon–photon hybridization inherently produces symmetric, reciprocal interactions, precluding asymmetric mode coupling. Floquet driving can tailor mode coupling strengths but, with single-tone modulation, inevitably generates a symmetric interaction that preserves this reciprocity. Here we introduce dual-tone Floquet modulation to unlock a new degree of freedom in hybrid magnonic systems, where the relative phase $\theta$ of two commensurate drives continuously controls the asymmetry of the Floquet-engineered interaction, enabling asymmetric mode coupling absent in existing hybrid magnonic systems. We demonstrate this in a strongly coupled cavity magnonic device, where tuning $\theta$ reversibly switches single-sided Autler–Townes splitting between the two hybrid modes—a direct spectroscopic signature of phase-programmable asymmetric coupling. This approach opens a new path toward controllable nonreciprocal and topological functionalities in hybrid magnonic systems, with broad implications for advanced quantum and classical signal processing.

Excitonic quantum batteries, based on organic fluorescent molecules embedded in optical microcavities, offer a room-temperature platform for studying collective effects in energy storage and developing applications. Recent experiments have offered evidence of superabsorption, a collective enhancement to the light absorption rate of organic molecules which leads to a scalable power density. However, they have also highlighted the challenge posed by rapid radiative decay of fluorescent molecules, which limits the energy storage lifetime. Current strategies to overcome this trade-off focus on controlling the coupling between the absorbing manifold and that used for energy storage. In this chapter, we review three implementations of this design principle: transferring energy from optically excited states to long-lived dark triplet states, generating triplet pairs and higher-spin states through singlet exciton fission, and forming charge-separated states. We discuss each mechanism from both theoretical and experimental perspectives, with particular emphasis on recent device implementations that have extended storage times by several orders of magnitude. We conclude with a cross-platform outlook on the role of metastable states across coherent and room-temperature implementations, from neutral atom arrays to masers and colour centres.

Accurate determination of Hubbard interaction parameters is essential for beyond-DFT approaches such as DFT+$U$, DFT+DMFT, and DFT+$U$+$V$ in correlated materials. In practice, however, these parameters are often chosen empirically, limiting their transferability across materials. Advanced computational approaches such as the constrained random-phase approximation (cRPA) provide a rigorous route for evaluating Hubbard interactions, but their computational cost remains a bottleneck for large-scale materials screening. Here, we present machine-learning (ML) models for predicting cRPA-derived Hubbard interaction parameters: effective on-site $U_{\rm eff}$, inter-site $V$, and Hund's coupling $J$ for transition-metal oxides (TMOs). We combine ensemble-learning models with a regression-based brute-force search (BFS) approach to achieve both predictive accuracy and explicit analytical expressions. We construct features that capture electronic, structural, and atomic properties, including the TM-$d$ bandwidth and TM-$d$/O-$p$ band-center separation, as physically motivated descriptors of localization and screening. Our ensemble models achieve RMSEs of 0.148 eV, 0.062 eV, and 0.007 eV for $U_{\rm eff}$, $V$, and $J$, respectively. The derived analytical forms directly relate $U_{\rm eff}$ to electron localization and TM-$d$/O-$p$ hybridization, suggest the importance of hybridization and structural compactness in determining $V$, and indicate that $J$ is governed primarily by elemental descriptors of the TM ion. Together, the present study provides an efficient approach for predicting cRPA-derived $U_{\rm eff}$, $V$, and $J$, while offering physical insight into the factors underlying these Hubbard interactions.

We develop a theoretical framework for the mechanics of active jammed systems based on non-Hermitian random matrix theory. Starting from a microscopic model of active particles with non-reciprocal interactions, we formulate the linearized dynamical matrix as a non-Hermitian perturbation of a Wishart ensemble describing the passive contact network. Using Girko's Hermitization together with the self-consistent Born approximation, we derive a self-consistent equation for the low-frequency resolvent based on the full Marchenko–Pastur distribution. We show that active non-reciprocity regularizes the soft-mode divergence at the jamming transition, leading to a scaling law for the mechanical compliance. We further establish a crossover between perturbative and activity-dominated regimes and propose a corresponding scaling form near the active jamming point.

Current-driven magnetization switching is currently governed by two established mechanisms: the Slonczewski spin-transfer torque (STT) and the spin-orbit torque (SOT). Here we identify the Zhang-Li STT as a third mechanism that operates on a different physical footing. Using micromagnetic simulations, we show that the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI) inevitably creates spatial magnetization gradients at device edges, enabling the Zhang-Li torque to drive deterministic, field-assisted switching that fully reproduces all hallmark behaviors of SOT, including polarity control and effective-field characteristics. Our work establishes the Zhang-Li torque as an autonomous switching pathway, redefining the physical picture of current-induced magnetization reversal and providing new design principles for spintronic devices.

Stacked bilayer materials exhibit rich stacking-dependent properties driven by the interplay between strong intra-layer bonding and weak inter-layer van der Waals interactions. The computational discovery of such materials is challenging because accurate structure generation typically relies on expensive DFT-based optimization, while existing machine-learning models often fail to explicitly distinguish different interaction types during property prediction. To address these challenges, we propose a machine-learning framework for efficient construction and property prediction of stacked bilayer materials. The framework employs a MatterSim-D3-based structural optimization workflow to generate DFT-quality bilayer structures from monolayer building blocks and stacking configurations at substantially reduced computational cost. For property prediction, we introduce BDIP-Net (Bilayer Dual-Interaction Potential Network), a graph neural network that explicitly models intra-layer and inter-layer interactions through interaction-specific potential representations and adaptive message fusion. We evaluate the proposed framework on BiDB, HetDB, and SAMBA, encompassing homobilayers, heterobilayers, and twisted bilayer systems. Results show that the MatterSim-D3-based workflow closely reproduces DFT-PBE-D3 optimized structures, while BDIP-Net consistently outperforms existing graph neural network and potential-based approaches for bilayer property prediction.

Parastatistics is an exotic type of exchange statistics beyond fermions and bosons. Paraparticles transform in higher dimensional representations of the exchange symmetry group, analogous to non-Abelian anyons, yet consistently defined in any dimension. Although paraparticles have long been proposed, they were widely believed to be physically equivalent to fermions or bosons. Nevertheless, a recent paper proposed a different theory, called $R$-parastatistics, and demonstrated that nontrivial $R$-paraparticles can emerge as quasiparticles in condensed matter systems, and are observably distinct from both fermions and bosons. This paper develops the theoretical foundation and several extensions of $R$-parastatistics, with particular emphasis on its observable consequences. Central to this paper is a general theory of local observables extending the basic family introduced before. First, we define local observables that distinguish particle types. Second, we formulate local observables at special point defects that probe the internal indices of $R$-paraparticles, crucial for observing $R$-parastatistics and for the proposed applications in quantum information. Third, we introduce local observables that create or annihilate particle-antiparticle pairs, important for building a relativistic quantum field theory for $R$-paraparticles. We further introduce generalized hidden symmetries that act on internal indices of $R$-paraparticles while preserving the local observable algebra, providing a basis for proving local indistinguishability and for connecting to a categorical description of $R$-paraparticles. This work sets a solid theoretical foundation for understanding the fundamental physical properties of $R$-paraparticles and pave the way for finding them in nature.

We construct quantum Turing patterns in Lindblad lattice dynamics and establish a rigorous theory of their nonlinear order and quantum fluctuations. For an explicit family of completely positive lattice generators with finite-range couplings, the first-moment equations undergo a supercritical instability at a nonzero wave number and admit analytic site- and bond-centered commensurate stripe branches. These branches are locally asymptotically stable in their reflection-fixed period-cell spaces, and projected coherent states exhibit extensive Bragg order on every bounded time interval in the semiclassical limit. We prove $O(N^{-1/2})$ convergence of microscopic covariances to a nonautonomous Gaussian Lyapunov flow, transferring strict partial-transpose uncertainty violations to sufficiently large $N$. In the homogeneous Gaussian sector, a single dimensionless ratio controls both the Turing stability determinant and the logarithmic negativity of opposite momenta, relating wavelength selection directly to quantum entanglement. Differential transport shifts the strongest opposite-momentum correlations from the infrared to the selected Turing scale. Numerical continuation and two-dimensional simulations display stripe, spot, and labyrinth morphologies whose Fourier modes and fluctuation spectra concentrate at the same selected wave numbers.

Grain boundaries are pervasive in polycrystalline olivine, yet their structure and trace-element chemistry remain poorly constrained. We characterize boundaries in undeformed olivine aggregates from Piton de la Fournaise (La Reunion) and Mauna Loa (Hawaii) by correlating electron backscatter diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and atom probe tomography. The boundaries are crystalline, with a structural width of about 1 nm and no continuous glassy film resolved. Ca, Al, P, Na, and Ti are selectively enriched, whereas Mg, Fe, Ni, and Mn remain homogeneous. Several enriched mass windows coincide with nominal rare-earth-element ion positions, but unresolved isobars and the lack of a diagnostic isotope envelope preclude secure assignments. Divalent-cation segregation follows an ionic-size-misfit trend, while aliovalent departures require unconstrained contributions. The Ca interfacial excess is 2.94-2.97 atoms per square nanometer, equivalent to 0.327-0.330 monolayers, and lies near the upper published 1523 K equilibrium segregation isotherm of Hiraga et al. (2004), within the range of basaltic olivine crystallization temperatures. This supports boundary formation during crystal growth, although synneusis followed by high-temperature residence could produce a similar signature. Ca chemical widths are about 6-9 nm, and those of the most strongly enriched elements reach about 10-15 nm, demonstrating decoupling between the narrow structural core and broader chemical segregation. Compared with published atom-probe data on deformed olivine, these boundaries preserve broader halos, although analytical differences make the contrast tentative. Olivine grain boundaries therefore constitute a distinct nanoscale reservoir that should be included alongside crystal interiors and residual melt in trace-element mass balances of olivine-rich aggregates.

We argue that the static dielectric constant of small (thin and/or narrow) semiconductor and insulator nanostructures depends strongly on the their environment. We do so by considering the electronic response simply reviewing, briefly but critically, the existing literature. Regarding the ionic response, in addition to reviewing the literature, we use a simple model to account for the confinement of optical phonons in thin films and show that the reduction of their density of states has a negligible effect on the dielectric constant, in contrast to some claims found in the literature. In general, we argue that in realistic structures, such as double-gated Si nanosheets, the use of the bulk dielectric constants for both the channel and the gate insulators, is justified.