Quantum Physics · Cross-listed from cs.LG
Quantum Model Parallelism for MRI-Based Classification of Alzheimer's Disease Stages
Emine Akpinar and Murat Oduncuoglu
With increasing life expectancy, AD has become a major global health concern. While classical AI-based methods have been developed for early diagnosis and stage classification of AD, growing data volumes and limited computational resources necessitate faster, more efficient approaches.
Quantum-based AI methods, which leverage superposition and
entanglement principles along with high-dimensional
Hilbert space, can surpass classical approaches' limitations and offer higher accuracy for high-dimensional, heterogeneous, and noisy data. In this study, a
Quantum-Based Parallel Model (QBPM) architecture is proposed for the efficient classification of AD stages using MRI
datasets, inspired by the principles of classical model parallelism. The proposed model leverages
quantum advantages by employing two distinct
quantum circuits, each incorporating rotational and
entanglement blocks, running in parallel on the same
quantum simulator. The classification performance of the model was evaluated on two different
datasets to assess its overall robustness and generalization capability. The proposed model demonstrated high classification accuracy across both
datasets, highlighting its overall robustness and generalization capability. Results obtained under high-level Gaussian noise, simulating real-world conditions, further provided experimental evidence for the model's applicability not only in theoretical but also in practical scenarios. Moreover, compared with five different classical transfer learning methods, the proposed model demonstrated its efficiency as an alternative to classical approaches by achieving higher classification accuracy and comparable execution time while utilizing fewer
circuit parameters. The results indicate that the proposed QBPM architecture represents an innovative and powerful approach for the classification of stages in complex diseases such as Alzheimer's.
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Quantum Physics
A levitated nano-accelerometer sensitized by quantum quench
M. Kamba, S. Otabe, K. Funo et al. (+2 more)
We realize a nanoscale accelerometer exploiting the nonequilibrium dynamics of a nanoparticle near the
quantum ground state. We explore the dynamics after quenching the trapping potential and find that rapid quenching provides an instance at which the sensitivity is enhanced due to the minimized uncertainty in the position. With rapid quenching, the observed sensitivity is in good agreement with a numerical simulation based on the
quantum Langevin equation and approaches to the limit given by the
quantum Fisher information. Our results open up a pathway to
quantum inertial sensing sensitized by exploiting quench dynamics.
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All authors M. Kamba, S. Otabe, K. Funo, T. Sagawa, K. Aikawa
Quantum Physics
Dynamical Casimir effect under the action of gravitational waves
Gustavo de Oliveira, Thiago Henrique Moreira and Lucas Chibebe Céleri
Several nontrivial phenomena emerge when a
quantum field is subjected to dynamical perturbations, with prominent examples including the Hawking and Unruh effects, as well as the dynamical Casimir effect. In this work, we compute the number of particles produced via the dynamical Casimir effect in an ideal cavity, where one of the mirrors is allowed to move under the influence of a gravitational wave. Assuming an oscillatory mirror motion and a plane gravitational wave, we identify the resonance conditions that lead to an exponential increase in the number of created particles through parametric amplification.
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Quantum Physics
Jonathan Jeffrey, Lucien Gandarias, Monika Schleier-Smith et al. (+1 more)
We propose a framework for preparing
quantum states with a
holographic entanglement structure, in the sense that the
entanglement entropies are governed by minimal surfaces in a chosen bulk geometry. We refer to such
entropies as
holographic because they obey a relation between
entropies and bulk minimal surfaces, known as the Ryu-Takayanagi (RT) formula, that is a key feature of
holographic models of
quantum gravity. Typically in such models, the bulk geometry is determined by solving Einstein's equations. Here, we simply choose a bulk geometry, then discretize the geometry into a coupling graph comprising bulk and boundary nodes. Evolving under this graph of interactions and measuring the bulk nodes leaves behind the desired pure state on the boundary. We numerically demonstrate that the resulting
entanglement properties approximately reproduce the predictions of the Ryu-Takayanagi formula in the chosen bulk geometry. We consider graphs associated with
hyperbolic disk and wormhole geometries, but the approach is general. We also introduce a procedure for decorating the graph which, when applied to the
hyperbolic disk, yields a genuine CFT ground state with power-law correlations but which only partially obeys RT. The minimal ingredients in our proposal involve only Gaussian operations and measurements and are readily implementable in photonic and cold-atom platforms.
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All authors Jonathan Jeffrey, Lucien Gandarias, Monika Schleier-Smith, Brian Swingle
Quantum Physics
Polaron-Polaritons in Subwavelength Arrays of Trapped Atoms
Kristian Knakkergaard Nielsen, Lukas Wangler, David Castells-Graells et al. (+4 more)
Subwavelength arrays of atoms trapped in optical
lattices or tweezers are inherently susceptible to deformations: Optomechanical forces displace atoms within their trapping potential and produce
lattice distortions, which in turn modify the optical response of the array. We show that this optomechanical coupling hybridizes collective atomic excitations (polaritons) with
phonons, forming polaron-polaritons – the fundamental quasiparticles governing light-matter interactions in arrays of trapped atoms. Using analytical polaron theory and numerical simulations, we find that: (1)
phonons can strongly enhance the decay of subradiant states, but also enable their efficient excitation; (2) transport of dark excitations remains remarkably robust even at low trap frequencies, except when a polariton can resonantly scatter
phonons; and (3) motion reduces the reflectivity of a two-dimensional atomic mirror; by identifying design principles that mitigate this degradation, we recover reflectivity above 99% under realistic conditions. Our findings lay the foundation for analyzing motional effects in key applications and suggest new ways to harness them in state-of-the-art experiments.
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All authors Kristian Knakkergaard Nielsen, Lukas Wangler, David Castells-Graells, J. Ignacio Cirac, Ana Asenjo-Garcia, Daniel Malz, Cosimo C. Rusconi
Quantum Physics
Active polarization stabilization of fields in an optical fiber for protective measurements
E. Pascoe, A. Catalan, J. Sharkansky et al. (+1 more)
We have performed Zeno protective measurements of
quantum polarization states by coupling the polarization to a temporal pointer (arrival time) in a birefringent optical fiber. It is necessary to actively stabilize the polarization, and we do this by using the signal
photon counts themselves as the error signal in a feedback loop. We compare these measurements to a stabilization scheme using a classical reference beam as the error signal. The method using
photon counts has higher signal levels and significantly reduced background. These improvements allow us to increase the number of Zeno stages in our measurements from 9 to 13, with a corresponding decrease in the measurement uncertainty.
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All authors E. Pascoe, A. Catalan, J. Sharkansky, M. Beck
Quantum Physics
Universal Gates from Braiding and Fusing Anyons on Quantum Hardware
Chiu Fan Bowen Lo, Anasuya Lyons, Dan Gresh et al. (+8 more)
Topological
quantum computation encodes
quantum information in the internal fusion space of non-Abelian anyonic quasiparticles, whose braiding implements logical gates. This goes beyond Abelian topological order (TO) such as the toric code, as its anyons lack internal structure. However, the simplest non-Abelian generalizations of the toric code do not support universality via braiding alone. Here we demonstrate that such minimally non-Abelian TOs can be made universal by treating anyon fusion as a computational primitive. We prepare a 54-
qubit TO wavefunction associated with the smallest non-Abelian group, $S_3$, on Quantinuum's H2
quantum processor. This phase of matter exhibits cyclic anyon fusion rules, known to underpin universality, which we evidence by trapping a single non-Abelian anyon on the
torus. We encode logical qutrits in the nonlocal fusion space of non-Abelian fluxes and, by combining an entangling braiding operation with anyon charge measurements, realize a universal topological gate set and read-out, which we further demonstrate by topologically preparing a magic state. This work establishes $S_3$ TO as simple enough to be prepared efficiently, yet rich enough to enable universal topological
quantum computation.
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All authors Chiu Fan Bowen Lo, Anasuya Lyons, Dan Gresh, Michael Mills, Peter E. Siegfried, Maxwell D. Urmey, Nathanan Tantivasadakarn, Henrik Dreyer, Ashvin Vishwanath, Ruben Verresen, Mohsin Iqbal
Quantum Physics · Cross-listed from hep-th
Spectral Form Factor of Gapped Random Matrix Systems
Krishan Saraswat
In this work, we study the spectral form factor of random
matrix models which exhibit a large number of degenerate ground states accompanied by a macroscopic gap in the spectrum. The central aim of this work is to understand how the standard narrative about the behavior of the spectral form factor is modified in the presence of these parametrically large number of ground states. We show that, at sufficiently low temperatures, the spectral form factor is dominated by the disconnected contribution, even at arbitrarily late times. Moreover, we demonstrate that the connected form factor only depends on the
eigenvalues of the non-degenerate sector, implying that BPS states do not contribute to wormhole calculations in the
gravity context. Using the Christoffel-Darboux kernel, we analyze a number of examples including the Bessel model and $\mathcal{N}=2$ Jackiw-Teitelboim supergravity. In these examples, we find damped oscillations in the disconnected form factor, with a period set by the inverse size of the gap. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the slope of the ramp in the connected form factor arises from a universal sine-kernel, which emerges from a truncation of the full non-perturbative kernel in the $\hbar \to 0$ limit, and find agreement with the leading double trumpet result. Finally, we present predictions for how the ramp will transition to a plateau in the connected form factor and demonstrate how the transition depends on the details of the leading spectral density of states.
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Quantum Physics
Quantum metrology enhanced by effective time reversal
Yu-Xin Wang, Flavio Salvati, David R. M. Arvidsson-Shukur et al. (+3 more)
Quantum metrology involves the application of
quantum resources to enhance measurements. Several communities have developed
quantum-metrology strategies that leverage effective time reversals. These strategies, we posit, form four classes. First, echo metrology begins with a preparatory
unitary and ends with that
unitary's time-reverse. The protocol amplifies the visibility of a small parameter to be sensed. Similarly, weak-value amplification enhances a weak coupling's detectability. The technique exhibits counterintuitive properties captured by a retrocausal model. Using the third strategy, one simulates closed timelike curves, worldlines that loop back on themselves in time. The fourth strategy involves indefinite causal order, which characterises channels applied in a superposition of orderings. We review these four strategies, which we unify under the heading of time-reverse metrology. We also outline opportunities for this toolkit in
quantum metrology;
quantum information science;
quantum foundations; atomic, molecular, and optical physics; and solid-state physics.
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All authors Yu-Xin Wang, Flavio Salvati, David R. M. Arvidsson-Shukur, William F. Braasch Jr., Kater Murch, Nicole Yunger Halpern
Quantum Physics · Cross-listed from cond-mat.mes-hall
Topological Acoustic Diode
Ashwat Jain, Wojciech J. Jankowski, M. Mehraeen et al. (+1 more)
We show that certain three-dimensional topological phases can act as acoustic diodes realizing nonlinear odd acoustoelastic effects. Beyond uncovering topologically-induced anomalous acoustic second-harmonic generation and rectification, we demonstrate how such nonlinear responses are uniquely captured by the momentum-space nonmetricity tensor in the
quantum state
Hilbert-space geometry. In addition to completing the classification of
quantum geometric observables in the quadratic response regime, our findings reveal unexplored avenues for experimental realizations of acoustic diodes using effective $\theta$
vacua of
axion insulators adaptable for topological engineering applications.
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All authors Ashwat Jain, Wojciech J. Jankowski, M. Mehraeen, Robert-Jan Slager
Quantum Physics
Simon Tonner, Viet T. Tran and Richard Kueng
Quantum state
tomography (QST) is essential for validating
quantum devices but suffers from exponential scaling in system size. Neural-network
quantum states, such as Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs), can efficiently parameterize individual many-body
quantum states and have been successfully used for QST. However, existing approaches are point-wise and require retraining at every parameter value in a phase diagram. We introduce a parametric QST framework based on a hypernetwork that conditions an RBM on
Hamiltonian control parameters, enabling a single model to represent an entire family of
quantum ground states. Applied to the transverse-field Ising model, our HyperRBM achieves high-fidelity reconstructions from local Pauli measurements on 1D and 2D
lattices across both phases and through the critical region. Crucially, the model accurately reproduces the fidelity susceptibility and identifies the
quantum phase transition without prior knowledge of the critical point. These results demonstrate that hypernetwork-modulated neural
quantum states provide an efficient and scalable route to tomographic reconstruction across full phase diagrams.
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Quantum Physics
Spatial superposition for a two-dimensional matter-wave interferometer in an inverted harmonic potential with gyroscopic rotational stability
Ryan Rizaldy, Tian Zhou, Run Zhou et al. (+1 more)
This study presents a mathematical model of the spatial and rotational motion of a nanodiamond in an inverted harmonic potential to create a macroscopic
quantum spatial superposition. The model is based on the Stern-Gerlach Interferometer (SGI) scheme, which utilises linear and quadratic
magnetic fields to generate a harmonic potential (linear
magnetic field) and a non-linear potential (non-linear/quadratic
magnetic field). By incorporating two-dimensional dynamics into the model, we provide a more realistic and accurate depiction of nanoparticle dynamics in linear and inverted harmonic potentials and explore the interaction between motion in a two-dimensional plane. Importantly, we derive the equations of motion for the rotational degrees of freedom, i.e. libration, precession, and rotation. The results show that adding a
magnetic-field bias term to the
magnetic-field profile in the linear stage affects the classical equations of motion but does not affect the width of the wave packet. Moreover, the libration mode always forms a harmonic potential at each stage because the applied initial angular velocity is dominated by the nanoparticle's defect axis, making it more stable in the presence of the trap frequency in the orthogonal direction along the axis that enables the creation of a macroscopic
quantum superposition.
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All authors Ryan Rizaldy, Tian Zhou, Run Zhou, Anupam Mazumdar
Quantum Physics
Non-Equilibrium Phase Transition in a Boundary-Driven Dissipative Fermionic Chain
Hao Chen, Wucheng Zhang, Manas Kulkarni et al. (+1 more)
We demonstrate that a boundary-localized periodic (Floquet) drive can induce nontrivial long-range correlations in a non-interacting fermionic chain which is additionally subject to boundary dissipation. Surprisingly, we find that this phenomenon occurs even when the corresponding isolated bulk is in a trivial gapped phase with exponentially decaying correlations. We argue that this boundary-drive induced non-
equilibrium transition (as witnessed through the correlation
matrix) is driven by a resonance mechanism whereby the drive frequency bridges bulk energy gaps, allowing boundary-injected particles and holes to propagate and mediate long-range correlations into the bulk. We also numerically establish that when the drive bridges a particle-hole gap, the induced long-range order scales as a power law with the bulk pairing potential ($\chi \sim \gamma^2$). Our results highlight the potential of localized coherent driving for generating macroscopic order in open
quantum systems.
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All authors Hao Chen, Wucheng Zhang, Manas Kulkarni, Abhinav Prem
Quantum Physics
Entangling logical qubits without physical operations
Jin Ming Koh, Anqi Gong, Andrei C. Diaconu et al. (+6 more)
Fault-tolerant logical entangling gates are essential for scalable
quantum computing, but are limited by the error rates and overheads of physical two-
qubit gates and measurements. To address this limitation, we introduce phantom codes-
quantum error-correcting codes that realize entangling gates between all logical
qubits in a code block purely through relabelling of physical
qubits during compilation, yielding perfect fidelity with no spatial or temporal overhead. We present a systematic study of such codes. First, we identify phantom codes using complementary numerical and analytical approaches. We exhaustively enumerate all $2.71 \times 10^{10}$ inequivalent CSS codes up to $n=14$ and identify additional instances up to $n=21$ via SAT-based methods. We then construct higher-distance phantom-code families using
quantum Reed-Muller codes and the binarization of qudit codes. Across all identified codes, we characterize other supported fault-tolerant logical Clifford and non-Clifford operations. Second, through end-to-end noisy simulations with state preparation, full QEC cycles, and realistic physical error rates, we demonstrate scalable advantages of phantom codes over the surface code across multiple tasks. We observe a one-to-two order-of-magnitude reduction in logical infidelity at comparable
qubit overhead for GHZ-state preparation and Trotterized many-body simulation tasks, given a modest preselection acceptance rate. Our work establishes phantom codes as a viable architectural route to fault-tolerant
quantum computation with scalable benefits for workloads with dense local entangling structure, and introduces general tools for systematically exploring the broader landscape of
quantum error-correcting codes.
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All authors Jin Ming Koh, Anqi Gong, Andrei C. Diaconu, Daniel Bochen Tan, Alexandra A. Geim, Michael J. Gullans, Norman Y. Yao, Mikhail D. Lukin, Shayan Majidy
Quantum Physics · Cross-listed from cond-mat.str-el
Quench spectroscopy of amplitude modes in a one-dimensional critical phase
Hyunsoo Ha, David A. Huse and Rhine Samajdar
We investigate the emergence of an amplitude (
Higgs-like) mode in the gapless phase of the $(1+1)$D XXZ
spin chain. Unlike conventional settings where amplitude modes arise from spontaneous
symmetry breaking, here, we identify a
symmetry-preserving underdamped excitation on top of a Luttinger-
liquid ground state. Using nonequilibrium quench spectroscopy, we demonstrate that this mode manifests as oscillations of U(1)-symmetric observables following a sudden quench. By combining numerical simulations with Bethe-ansatz analyses, we trace its microscopic origin to specific families of string excitations. We further discuss experimental pathways to detect this mode in easy-plane
quantum magnets and programmable
quantum simulators. Our results showcase the utility of
quantum quenches as a powerful tool to probe collective excitations, beyond the scope of linear response.
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Quantum Physics
Double-Bracket Master Equations: Phase-Space Representation and Classical Limit
Ankit W. Shrestha, Budhaditya Bhattacharjee and Adolfo del Campo
We systematically investigate master equations involving double-bracket dissipators in the classical limit. Dissipators defined by double commutators arise naturally in dephasing dynamics, while those defined by double anticommutators are typically associated with noisy
Hamiltonians. The classical limit of such master equations is derived by reformulating the dissipative open dynamics in phase space using the Wigner-Weyl transform and Moyal bracket formalism, and by identifying the leading-order terms in a systematic $\hbar$-expansion. We first analyze a double-commutator master equation associated with energy
diffusion, and then turn to master equations containing a double anticommutator with the system
Hamiltonian, recently derived in the context of noisy non-Hermitian systems. For both classes of double-bracket equations, we establish a gradient-flow representation of the dynamics within both the
quantum and semiclassical formalisms. We further study the semiclassical
evolution generated by double-bracket master equations for the harmonic (integrable) and driven anharmonic (chaotic) oscillators, considering both classical and
quantum initial states. The dynamics are characterized through several observables, including mean position, momentum, and energy. The quantumness of the time-evolved state is assessed via the Wigner logarithmic negativity, and the interplay between double-bracket dissipation and chaotic dynamics is examined in detail. Finally, we extend our analysis to generalized master equations involving higher-order nested brackets, which arise naturally as a time-continuous formulation of spectral filtering techniques widely used in the numerical simulation of
quantum systems.
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Quantum Physics · Cross-listed from hep-th
Resource-Theoretic Quantifiers of Weak and Strong Symmetry Breaking: Strong Entanglement Asymmetry and Beyond
Yuya Kusuki, Sridip Pal and Hiroyasu Tajima
Quantifying how much a
quantum state breaks a
symmetry is essential for characterizing phases, nonequilibrium dynamics, and open-system behavior. For mixed states, however, conventional diagnostics of weak
symmetry breaking can miss a stronger form of
symmetry breaking associated with the possibility of exchanging conserved charges with an environment. We develop a resource theory of strong
symmetry breaking by identifying the appropriate free states and free operations, and, for channels on a fixed system, by showing that the latter are precisely the operations realizable without exchanging the conserved charge with the environment. We systematically construct measures of strong
symmetry breaking, including strong
entanglement asymmetry and covariance
matrices of
symmetry generators, for a broad class of
symmetry groups. We further completely characterize i.i.d. convertibility between arbitrary states under any compact Lie group strong
symmetry. This identifies the combinations of resource-theoretically valid measures that quantify strong
symmetry breaking for arbitrary states, including all mixed states. In particular, for $U(1)$
symmetry, if the states have positive variances of the conserved quantity and equal strong-
symmetry periods, the conversion rate is completely determined by the variance ratio whenever the input is pure or the output is weak symmetric. Thus, for these state conversions, the variance of the conserved quantity plays an operational role analogous to that of
entanglement entropy in
entanglement theory or
quantum Fisher information in the resource theory of weak asymmetry. We further show how weak
symmetry breaking is irreversibly converted into strong
symmetry breaking in open-system dynamics. We illustrate the framework with examples from
quantum field theory, strong-to-weak spontaneous
symmetry breaking, and a strong-
symmetry analogue of Mpemba-type dynamics.
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Quantum Physics
L. L. Sanchez-Soto, A. B. Klimov, A. Z. Goldberg et al. (+1 more)
Majorana
stars, the $2S$
spin coherent states that are orthogonal to a
spin-$S$ state, offer an elegant method to visualize
quantum states. This representation offers deep insights into the structure,
symmetries, and
entanglement properties of
quantum states, bridging abstract algebraic formulations with intuitive geometrical intuition. In this paper, we briefly survey the development and applications of the Majorana constellation, exploring its relevance in modern areas of
quantum information.
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All authors L. L. Sanchez-Soto, A. B. Klimov, A. Z. Goldberg, G. Leuchs
Quantum Physics
Micro-mobility dispatch optimization via quantum annealing incorporating historical data
Takeru Goto and Masayuki Ohzeki
This paper proposes a novel dispatch formulation for micro-mobility vehicles using a
Quantum Annealer (QA). In recent years, QA has gained increasing
attention as a high-performance solver for combinatorial optimization problems. Meanwhile, micro-mobility services have been rapidly developed as a promising means of realizing efficient and sustainable urban transportation. In this study, the dispatch problem for such micro-mobility services is formulated as a Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problem, enabling efficient solving through QA. Furthermore, the proposed formulation incorporates historical usage data to enhance operational efficiency. Specifically, customer arrival frequencies and destination distributions are modeled into the QUBO formulation through a
Bayesian approach, which guides the allocation of vacant vehicles to designated stations for waiting and charging. Simulation experiments are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, with comparisons to conventional formulations such as the vehicle routing problem. Additionally, the performance of QA is compared with that of classical solvers to reveal its potential advantages for the proposed dispatch formulation. The effect of reverse annealing on improving solution quality is also investigated.
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Quantum Physics
Quantum teleportation in expanding FRW universe
Babak Vakili
We investigate the process of
quantum teleportation in an expanding universe modeled by Friedmann-Robertson-Walker spacetime, focusing on two cosmologically relevant scenarios: a power-law expansion and the de Sitter universe. Adopting a field-theoretical approach, we analyze the
quantum correlations between two comoving observers who share an entangled mode of a scalar field. Using the Bogoliubov transformation, we compute the teleportation fidelity and examine its dependence on the expansion rate, initial
entanglement, and the mode frequency. Our findings indicate that spacetime
curvature and the underlying cosmological background significantly affect the efficiency of
quantum teleportation, particularly through mode mixing and
vacuum structure. We also compare our results with the flat Minkowski case to highlight the role of
cosmic expansion in degrading or preserving
quantum information.
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Quantum Physics
Symplectic Optimization on Bosonic Gaussian States
Christopher Willby, Tomohiro Hashizume, Jason Crain et al. (+1 more)
Computing bosonic Gaussian ground states via variational optimization is challenging because the covariance
matrices must satisfy the uncertainty principle, rendering constrained or Riemannian optimization costly, delicate, and thus difficult to scale, particularly in large and inhomogeneous systems. We introduce a
symplectic optimization framework that addresses this challenge by parameterizing covariance
matrices directly as positive-definite
symplectic matrices using unit-triangular factorizations. This approach enforces all physical constraints exactly, yielding a globally unconstrained variational formulation of the bosonic ground-state problem. The unconstrained structure also naturally supports solution reuse across nearby
Hamiltonians: warm-starting from previously optimized covariance
matrices substantially reduces the number of optimization steps required for convergence in families of related configurations, as encountered in
crystal lattices, molecular systems, and fluids. We demonstrate the method on weakly dipole-coupled
lattices, recovering ground-state energies, covariance
matrices, and spectral gaps accurately. The framework further provides a foundation for large-scale approximate treatments of weakly non-quadratic interactions and offers potential scaling advantages through tensor-network enhancements.
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All authors Christopher Willby, Tomohiro Hashizume, Jason Crain, Dieter Jaksch
Quantum Physics
Quantum Memory and Autonomous Computation in Two Dimensions
Gesa Dünnweber, Georgios Styliaris and Rahul Trivedi
Quantum error correction (QEC) normally requires active maintenance using measurements, classical processing and externally controlled correction schedules. Passive QEC, by contrast, was previously established only in unphysical spatial dimensions. Here, we give an explicit scheme for autonomous
quantum error correction and computation in two dimensions, formulated as a dissipative
quantum cellular automaton with a fixed, local and translation-invariant update rule. The construction uses hierarchical, self-simulating control elements based on ideas from the seminal classical results of Gács (1986, 1989) together with a measurement-free concatenated
quantum code. We prove the existence of a nonzero noise threshold under a local noise model. Below this threshold, logical errors on encoded initial states are suppressed exponentially with increasing system size and the
memory lifetime diverges in the thermodynamic limit. As an extension, we outline how this mechanism can also be implemented in continuous time by a time-independent, translation-invariant local Lindbladian.
Quantum circuits can moreover be encoded in the automaton's initial state and executed fault-tolerantly with polylogarithmic overhead under the same
circuit-independent rule. Our scheme thus realizes a self-correcting
quantum computer capable of universal computation.
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Quantum Physics
Semiclassical effective description of a quantum particle on a sphere with non-central potential
Guillermo Chacon-Acosta, H. Hernandez-Hernandez and J. Ruvalcaba-Rascon
We develop a semiclassical framework for studying
quantum particles constrained to curved surfaces using the momentous
quantum mechanics formalism, which extends classical phase-space to include
quantum fluctuation variables (moments). In a spherical geometry, we derive
quantum-corrected
Hamiltonians and trajectories that incorporate
quantum back-reaction effects absent in classical descriptions. For the free particle,
quantum fluctuations induce measurable phase shifts in azimuthal precession of approximately 8-12%, with uncertainty growth rates proportional to initial moment correlations. When a non-central Makarov potential is introduced,
quantum corrections dramatically amplify its asymmetry. For strong coupling ($\gamma$ = -1.9), the
quantum-corrected force drives trajectories preferentially toward the southern hemisphere on timescales 40% shorter than classical predictions, with trajectory densities exhibiting up to 3-fold enhancement in the preferred region. Throughout
evolution, the solutions rigorously satisfy Heisenberg uncertainty relations, validating the truncation scheme. These results demonstrate that
quantum effects fundamentally alter semiclassical dynamics in curved constrained systems, with direct implications for charge transport in carbon nanostructures,
exciton dynamics in curved
quantum wells, and reaction pathways in cyclic molecules.
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Quantum Physics
Neural Quantum States in Mixed Precision
Massimo Solinas, Agnes Valenti, Nawaf Bou-Rabee et al. (+1 more)
Scientific computing has long relied on double precision (64-bit floating point) arithmetic to guarantee accuracy in simulations of real-world phenomena. However, the growing availability of hardware accelerators such as Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) has made low-precision formats attractive due to their superior performance, reduced
memory footprint, and improved energy efficiency. In this work, we investigate the role of mixed-precision arithmetic in neural-network based Variational Monte Carlo (VMC), a widely used method for solving computationally otherwise intractable
quantum many-body systems. We first derive general analytical bounds on the error introduced by reduced precision on Metropolis-Hastings MCMC, and then empirically validate these bounds on the use-case of VMC. We demonstrate that significant portions of the
algorithm, in particular, sampling the
quantum state, can be executed in half precision without loss of accuracy. More broadly, this work provides a theoretical framework to assess the applicability of mixed-precision arithmetic in machine-learning approaches that rely on MCMC sampling. In the context of VMC, we additionally demonstrate the practical effectiveness of mixed-precision strategies, enabling more scalable and energy-efficient simulations of
quantum many-body systems.
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All authors Massimo Solinas, Agnes Valenti, Nawaf Bou-Rabee, Roeland Wiersema
Quantum Physics · Cross-listed from cond-mat.mtrl-sci
Millisecond spin coherence of electrons in semiconducting perovskites revealed by spin mode locking
Sergey R. Meliakov, Evgeny A. Zhukov, Vasilii V. Belykh et al. (+4 more)
Long
spin coherence times of carriers are essential for implementing
quantum technologies using
semiconductor devices for which, however, a possible obstacle is
spin relaxation. For the
spin dynamics, decisive features are the band structure,
crystal symmetry, and
quantum confinement. Perovskite
semiconductors recently have come into focus of studies of their
spin states, notivated by efficient optical access and potentially long-living coherence. Here, we report an electron
spin coherence time $T_2$ of the order of 1 ms, measured for a bulk FA$_{0.95}$Cs$_{0.05}$PbI$_3$ lead halide perovskite
crystal. Using periodic
laser pulses, we synchronize the electron
spin Larmor precession about an external
magnetic field in an inhomogeneous ensemble, the effect known as
spin mode locking. It appears as a decay of the optically created ensemble
spin polarization within the dephasing time $T_2^*$ of up to 20 ns and its revival during the
spin coherence time $T_2$ reaching the millisecond range. This exceptionally long
spin coherence time in a bulk
crystal is complemented by millisecond-long longitudinal
spin relaxation times $T_1$ for electrons and holes, measured by optically-detected
magnetic resonance. These long-lasting
spin dynamics highlight perovskites as promising platform for the
quantum devices with all-optical control.
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All authors Sergey R. Meliakov, Evgeny A. Zhukov, Vasilii V. Belykh, Dmitri R. Yakovlev, Bekir Turedi, Maksym V. Kovalenko, Manfred Bayer
Quantum Physics · Cross-listed from math-ph
A Zero-Range Model for the Efimov Effect in the Born-Oppenheimer Approximation
G. Basti, D. Ferretti and A. Teta
In this note we discuss the Efimov effect emerging in a three-particle
quantum system with zero-range interactions. In particular, we consider two non-interacting identical
bosons plus a different lighter particle such that the interaction between a
boson and the light particle is resonant. We also assume the validity of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Under these conditions, we show that the three-particle system exhibits infinitely many negative
eigenvalues which accumulate at zero and satisfy the universal geometrical law characterising the Efimov effect. The result we find is a generalisation of previous results recently obtained in [13, 24].
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Quantum Physics
Spectrum-generating algebra and intertwiners of the resonant Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator
Andreas Fring, Ian Marquette and Takano Taira
We study the
quantum Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator at the resonant (equal-frequency) point, where the dynamics becomes non-diagonalisable and the conventional Fock-space construction collapses. At the classical level, the degenerate system admits more than one
Hamiltonian formulation generating the same equations of motion, leading to a nontrivial quantisation ambiguity. Working first in the ghostly two-dimensional
Hamiltonian formulation, we construct differential intertwiners that generate a spectrum-generating
algebra acting on the generalised eigenspaces of the
Hamiltonian. This
algebra organises the generalised eigenvectors into finite Jordan chains and closes into a hidden $su(2)$ Lie
algebra that exists only at resonance. We then show that quantising a classically equivalent
Hamiltonian yields a radically different
quantum theory, with a fully diagonalisable spectrum and genuine degeneracies. Our results demonstrate that the resonant Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator provides a concrete example in which classically equivalent
Hamiltonians define inequivalent
quantum theories.
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Quantum Physics
Entangled photon pair excitation and time-frequency-filtered multidimensional photon correlation spectroscopy as a probe for dissipative exciton kinetics
Arunangshu Debnath and Shaul Mukamel
In
quantum aggregates, delocalized
exciton states across energy
manifolds interact with
phonon modes, making state-resolved spectroscopic monitoring of dynamics challenging. We propose a scheme that combines
photon-
entanglement-enhanced narrowband excitation of two-
exciton states with time-frequency-filtered two-
photon coincidence counting, which allows high-resolution probing of dissipative two-
exciton dynamics spread across multiple spectral and temporal windows. We demonstrate that entangled
photon pairs can be used to prepare narrowband two-
exciton population distributions, circumventing transport in the mediating one-
exciton manifold, and the redistributed two-
exciton population can be monitored using time-frequency-filtered two-
photon coincidence counting. Numerical simulations for a light-harvesting aggregate highlight the ability of this protocol to suppress or amplify specific pathways under a realistic scenario. Combining entangled photonic sources with multidimensional
photon correlation techniques enable promising applications in spectroscopy and sensing.
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