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Physics High Energy Physics (Experiment)

hep-ex Watch High Energy Physics (Experiment)

Tuesday 25 August

High Energy Physics (Experiment)

Cosmic muon arrival directions as a source of entropy

Deepak Samuel

We demonstrate, for the first time, that the arrival directions of cosmic-ray muons from a muon telescope provide a measurable source of physical entropy. Using six months of data collected from a muon telescope, the local zenith and azimuth angles were used for randomness extraction. The result of this study show that each cosmic muon track from our detector can generate upto 4 bits with an entropy of 0.999182 bits/bit with a maximum bit rate of roughly 650 bits/s which can possibly be enhanced by improving the detector size and angular resolution. The suggested technique can be potentially used as a random number generator required for closing the settings-independence loophole in the tests for violations of Bell's inequality. The data acquisition, data reduction, and conditioning algorithms are discussed in detail.
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High Energy Physics (Experiment)

Searches for new phenomena in final states with leptons and jets using the ATLAS detector

Roy Schimmel Brener

The Standard Model is the most precise and consequential theory of science, yet it is not a complete account of all fundamental physics. Amongst its limitations, it lacks a coherent unification of quantum mechanics and gravity, and thus cannot resolve the large hierarchy gap between the weak and Planck scales. It does not explain neutrino masses or the evidence implying the existence of Dark Matter, nor does it provide a viable mechanism for baryogenesis sufficient to explain the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe. Lastly, it is in tension with observations hinting toward charged Lepton Flavour Universality violation. These shortcomings indicate that physics beyond the Standard Model must exist. In this thesis, the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is used to perform three distinct searches for New Physics. The first targets hypothetical, TeV-scale quantum black holes, which arise in extra-dimensional theories seeking to solve the hierarchy problem. Exploiting a unique feature of the model that strongly enhances the production rate with the collider centre-of-mass energy, and thereby permits a considerable increase in mass reach, it uses lepton+jet final states and sets the strongest limits on the model to date. The second tackles anomalies in lepton flavour by searching for heavy resonances that violate flavour conservation; targeting dilepton+$b$-jets final states, it complements previous inclusive results by directly addressing exclusive ones. The third targets Clockwork, periodic signatures of heavy graviton states appearing in extra-dimensional models. Performed in dielectron and diphoton final states, it establishes a new method to search for periodic signals using wavelet transformations with machine learning, and sets the best limits on the model.
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High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from physics.ins-det

Calibration of the discriminator threshold of the Amplifier-Shaper-Discriminator Chip for the Upgrade of the ATLAS Muon Drift-Tube Chambers for the High-Luminosity LHC

Oliver Kortner, Nick Meier and Julia Okfen

The read-out electronics of the ATLAS muon drift-tube chambers will be upgraded for operation at the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider. Part of the upgrade is the introduction of new amplifier-shaper-discriminator chips. This note presents the calibration of the discriminator threshold of the new chip in terms of primary electron signals using data from small-diameter muon drift-tube chambers operated in a monoenergetic, high-energy muon beam. The discriminator threshold intended for use in the ATLAS muon spectrometer corresponds to the signal of 20 primary electrons.
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High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from physics.ins-det

Photogrammetry for Precise, Rapid Module Alignment in the Mu2e Tracker

Dylan Palo, Mamta Jangra, Aseet Mukherjee et al. (+1 more)

We discuss a photogrammetry technique to measure the inter-module alignment in the Mu2e tracker. The tracker consists of 216 modules each with 96 straw tubes. The relative alignment of the straw tubes in a module was previously measured by an X-ray technique, which tied the straw tube measurements to three fiducials per module. The photogrammetry technique uses an array of 15 cameras to make precise position measurements of the module fiducials in a global tracker coordinate system. Measurements of the fiducial position and radius on the camera's CCD yield ~$25 \mu m$ resolution in the transverse directions and < $300 \mu m$ along the camera axis. In addition, we describe a procedure to combine the images with "local" mechanical measurements to yield $<100 \mu m$ precision along the camera axis. The technique offers a touch-less, rapid (~1 hour), and affordable metrology approach within the requirements of the tracker.
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All authors Dylan Palo, Mamta Jangra, Aseet Mukherjee, Klara Northrup

Monday 24 August

High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from hep-ph

Photon and gluon gravitational form factors of proton in QCD

Z. Asmaee and K. Azizi

The energy-momentum tensor provides a unique insight into the internal gravitational structure of the proton by revealing how energy, momentum, and mechanical properties are distributed among its different QCD components. The gravitational form factors associated with different components of the QCD energy-momentum tensor allow us to investigate the individual contributions of these sectors to the gravitational properties of the proton. In this work, we calculate the photon and gluon gravitational form factors of the proton within the framework of QCD sum rules. Using the photon and gluon components of the QCD energy-momentum tensor, we derive the corresponding sum rules for four independent gravitational form factors. Their momentum transfer dependence is analyzed within the validity region of the method and extrapolated to zero momentum transfer using a multipole parametrization. The resulting parametrizations of the form factors are used to extract the mass and scalar radii associated with the photon and gluon sectors. Our results indicate that the gluon mass radius is smaller than the photon mass radius, suggesting a more localized gluonic energy distribution inside the proton. These findings provide new nonperturbative information on the gravitational structure of the proton and offer complementary theoretical results for future lattice QCD calculations and phenomenological studies.
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High Energy Physics (Experiment)

Exploring ESS$\nu$SB Near Water Cherenkov Detector Designs Through Graph Neural Network Flavour Identification

J. Aguilar, M. Anastasopoulos, D. Barčot et al. (+100 more)

The ESS$\nu$SB experiment aims to measure CP violation in the leptonic sector with high precision, necessitating robust reconstruction of neutrino events in the water Cherenkov (WC) detectors. In this work, we investigate the flavour identification potential of the proposed near WC detector using graph neural network (GNN)-based classification, with a focus on variations of key detector design parameters. In particular, we study whether a smaller and/or less instrumented detector can achieve the required classification performance. Using detailed Monte Carlo simulations of charged-current (CC) neutrino interactions, we train GNN classifiers to distinguish electron and muon neutrino CC events. We find that GNN-based classification remains accurate even for detector configurations with volumes up to a factor of eight smaller than the nominal design, with only moderate degradation in classification efficiency at fixed background rejection. The resulting loss in efficiency can largely be compensated by increased exposure time. Furthermore, we demonstrate that reduced photomultiplier tube (PMT) coverage in the nominal detector has a limited impact on classification performance, provided that coverage is maintained in regions of highest signal yield, in particular near the forward end-cap.
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All authors J. Aguilar, M. Anastasopoulos, D. Barčot, E. Baussan, A.K. Bhattacharyya, A. Bignami, M. Blennow, M. Bogomilov, B. Bolling, E. Bouquerel, F. Bramati, A. Branca, G. Brunetti, A. Burgman, I. Bustinduy, C.J. Carlile, J. Cederkall, T. W. Choi, S. Choubey, P. Christiansen, I. Christodoulou, E. Cristaldo Morales, P. Cupiał, D. D'Ago, H. Danared, J. P. A. M. de André, M. Dracos, I. Efthymiopoulos, T. Ekelöf, M. Eshraqi, G. Fanourakis, A. Farricker, E. Fasoula, T. Fukuda, S. Gago, N. Gazis, Th. Geralis, M. Ghosh, A. Giarnetti, G. Gokbulut, C. Hagner, L. Halić, S. G. Hernández, J. Hiegel, M. Hooft, K. E. Iversen, N. Jachowicz, M. Jakkapu, M. Jensen, I. Karakoulias, E. Kasimi, A. Kayis Topaksu, B. Kliček, K. Kordas, B. Kovač, A. Leisos, A. Longhin, M. López, C. Maiano, S. Marangoni, J. García-Marcos, C. Marrelli, D. Meloni, M. Mezzetto, N. Milas, J.L. Muñoz, K. Niewczas, M. Oglakci, T. Ohlsson, M. Olvegård, A. Opanasenko, M. Pari, J. Park, D. Patrzalek, G. Petkov, Ch. Petridou, P. Poussot, A Psallidas, F. Pupilli, M. L. Reguera, D. Saiang, E. Salehi, D. Sampsonidis, A. Scanu, C. Schwab, F. Sordo, G. Stavropoulos, M. Stipčević, R. Tarkeshian, F. Terranova, T. Tolba, M. Topp-Mugglestone, E. Trachanas, R. Tsenov, A. Tsirigotis, S. E. Tzamarias, M. Vanderpoorten, G. Vankova-Kirilova, N. Vassilopoulos, S. Vihonen, J. Wurtz, V. Zeter, O. Zormpa

High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from hep-ph

Imprints of nuclear shell structure in exclusive vector meson production

Arpita Mondal, Arjun Kumar and Debojit Sarkar

We report for the first time that, within the saturation framework, exclusive vector meson production at small $x$ is sensitive to the shell structure of the target nucleus. Self-consistent nuclear densities from occupied single-particle orbitals in the quark-meson coupling (QMC) model modify the coherent $|t|$-differential cross section, enhancing secondary diffractive lobes in light nuclei and displacing the higher-order minima in intermediate-mass nuclei, whereas for heavy targets the shifts are weaker. Because the small $J/\psi$ dipole is insensitive to saturation, these features make coherent $J/\psi$ production a clean probe of nuclear shell structure, most favorably for intermediate-mass nuclei such as calcium isotopes. For the larger $\phi$ dipole, shell structure must be included in the nuclear initial state before saturation effects can be isolated in differential observables at the Electron Ion Collider. Our results establish exclusive vector meson production as a probe of the mean-field nuclear structure at small $x$ and provide a baseline for isolating residual many-body correlations.
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High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from hep-ph

Probing Glueball content of X(2370) through heavy quarkonium radiative decays and electron-positron annihilation

Ruilin Zhu and Qiang Zhao

In this paper, we first analyze the light-cone distribution amplitudes of the pseudoscalar Glueball and point out that the two-gluon and quark-antiquark pair contributions naturally mix at the quantum loop level. Based on the $\eta-\eta'-G-\eta_c$ tetra-mixing scheme and existing experimental results, we analyze the branching ratio of $J/\psi \to P+\gamma$ with pseudoscalar meson $P$ and extract the mixing parameters of the tetra-mixing scheme. We then successfully predict the branching ratio of $\psi(2S) \to P+\gamma$, which is found to be in good agreement with experimental results. We also find that the branching ratios of $J/\psi \to X(2370)+\gamma$ and $\psi(2S) \to X(2370)+\gamma$ are highly sensitive to the Glueball-charmonium mixing angle: the destructive mixing interference in the branching ratio of $J/\psi \to X(2370)+\gamma$ occurs at $\phi_{gc}\approx0.01$, whereas that in $\psi(2S) \to X(2370)+\gamma$ occurs at $\phi_{gc}\approx 0.11$. Moreover, the $J/\psi \to X(2370)+\gamma$ branching ratio exhibits constructive mixing interference when the mixing angle is larger than $\phi_{gc}\approx 0.02$. Finally, we also study the electroproduction cross sections of pseudoscalar mesons. After excluding the resonance contributions, the theoretical calculations agree with the experimental measurements in order of magnitude, and we also present theoretical predictions for the electroproduction cross section of the $X(2370)$. These theoretical results can be readily tested by current BESIII and Belle-II experiments, and further experimental measurements will reveal the intrinsic nature of the $X(2370)$.
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High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from hep-ph

Radiative decays of the isoscalar $S$-wave $D\bar D$ molecule

Yuan-Jun Gao, Gang Li, Shi-Dong Liu et al. (+1 more)

In the hadronic molecular picture, an isoscalar $S$-wave $D\bar{D}$ molecule is naturally expected as the spin-0 partner of $X(3872)$. Assuming this state, denoted by $X_0$, to be a pure $D\bar D$ molecule with quantum numbers $J^{PC}=0^{++}$, we investigate its radiative decays $X_0\to\gamma V (V=\rho^0,\omega)$ within an effective Lagrangian framework. The decay amplitudes are generated by intermediate charmed-meson loops, with electromagnetic gauge invariance consistently maintained throughout the calculation. We evaluate the partial decay widths and examine their dependence on the $X_0$ mass and the cutoff. Although the individual decay widths exhibit a sizable dependence on the cutoff, their ratio is remarkably stable. In particular, we obtain that the ratio for the decays $X_0\to\gamma\rho^0$ and $X_0\to\gamma\omega$ is approximately 2.26, which is insensitive to the variation of the cutoff. This robust ratio provides a useful model-insensitive signature of the molecular structure of $X_0$.
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All authors Yuan-Jun Gao, Gang Li, Shi-Dong Liu, Pan-Pan Shi

High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from physics.ins-det

A Cosmic Muon Tomography System with Machine Learning based Momentum Measurement for Multi-Object Reconstruction and Material Characterization

Bharat Kumar Sirasva, Rohit Gupta and Satyajit Jena

Cosmic muon tomography is a powerful non-destructive imaging technique for inspecting dense and shielded materials through multiple Coulomb scattering. In this work, we present the design, simulation, and performance evaluation of a complete muon tomography system comprising six scintillator-strip tracking stations for trajectory reconstruction and a four-station magnetic spectrometer for muon momentum estimation. The detector geometry is implemented in the GEANT4 framework and optimized for object localization and material characterization. The reconstructed momentum is combined with the scattering angle to define the scattering density $\rho_s = {(\theta p)^2}/{L_{\mathrm{eff}}}$, which enhances sensitivity to material-dependent scattering. Point-of-Closest-Approach (PoCA) reconstruction is used to estimate scattering locations within the imaging volume. To detect and separate multiple unknown objects, Hierarchical Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (HDBSCAN) is applied to the reconstructed PoCA cloud. Cluster-level scattering and geometric features are then extracted for object characterization. The proposed framework enables object detection, localization, volume estimation, shape reconstruction, and material ranking within a unified analysis pipeline. Simulation studies with multiple objects of different compositions demonstrate accurate reconstruction of object positions and geometries, while providing reliable material discrimination based on scattering density. The developed system offers a scalable approach for next-generation cosmic muon tomography applications in security screening, nuclear waste characterization, and non-destructive inspection.
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High Energy Physics (Experiment)

Search for the lepton-flavor-violating decay $ \tau^{\pm} \to \mu^{\pm} \gamma$ at Belle II

Belle II Collaboration: M. Abumusabh, I. Adachi, A. Aggarwal et al. (+466 more)

We present a search for the lepton-flavor-violating decay $\tau^{\pm}\to\mu^{\pm}\gamma$ using a data sample that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 428 fb$^{-1}$ recorded by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy $e^{+}e^{-}$ collider. We employ a multivariate classifier to suppress the backgrounds from the Standard Model processes, and the signal extraction is performed using an extended maximum-likelihood fit. Since no significant excess over the expected background is observed, we set an upper limit on the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(\tau^{\pm}\to\mu^{\pm}\gamma) < 9.5$ $ (12.2)\times10^{-8}$ at the 90% (95%) confidence level, using the CL${_s}$ technique.
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All authors Belle II Collaboration: M. Abumusabh, I. Adachi, A. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, Y. Ahn, H. Aihara, M. Akdag, N. Akopov, S. Alghamdi, M. Alhakami, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, K. Amos, M. Angelsmark, N. Anh Ky, C. Antonioli, K. Arai, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, M. Bartl, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, V. Bertacchi, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, V. Bhardwaj, B. Bhuyan, F. Bianchi, T. Bilka, A. Biswas, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, A. Bondar, G. Bonvicini, J. Borah, A. Boschetti, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, F. Callet, Q. Campagna, M. Campajola, M. Carminati, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, M.-C. Chang, P. Cheema, L. Chen, B. G. Cheon, C. Cheshta, H. Chetri, K. Chilikin, K. Chirapatpimol, H.-E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-J. Cho, S.-K. Choi, S. Choudhury, S. Chutia, J. Cochran, J. A. Colorado-Caicedo, I. Consigny, L. Corona, H. Crotte Ledesma, S. Cuccuini, J. X. Cui, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, S. A. De La Motte, G. de Marino, G. De Nardo, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, S. Dey, R. Dhayal, A. Di Canto, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, I. Domínguez Jiménez, T. V. Dong, X. Dong, M. Dorigo, K. Dugic, G. Dujany, P. Ecker, D. Epifanov, J. Eppelt, R. Farkas, P. Feichtinger, T. Ferber, T. Fillinger, C. Finck, G. Finocchiaro, F. Forti, A. Frey, B. G. Fulsom, A. Gabrielli, P. Gagneja, A. Gale, E. Ganiev, M. Garcia-Hernandez, R. Garg, A. Garmash, L. Gärtner, G. Gaudino, V. Gaur, V. Gautam, A. Gaz, P. Gebeline, A. Gellrich, G. Ghevondyan, D. Ghosh, H. Ghumaryan, G. Giakoustidis, R. Giordano, A. Giri, P. Gironella Gironell, B. Gobbo, R. Godang, O. Gogota, W. Gradl, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, I. Haide, H. Haigh, Y. Han, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, S. Hazra, C. Hearty, M. T. Hedges, A. Heidelbach, G. Heine, I. Heredia de la Cruz, M. Hernández Villanueva, T. Higuchi, M. Hoek, M. Hohmann, R. Hoppe, P. Horak, X. T. Hou, C.-L. Hsu, T. Humair, T. Iijima, K. Inami, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, P. Jackson, D. Jacobi, W. W. Jacobs, D. E. Jaffe, E.-J. Jang, S. Jia, Y. Jin, A. Johnson, K. K. Joo, H. Kakuno, M. Kaleta, K. H. Kang, S. Kang, G. Karyan, T. Kawasaki, F. Keil, C. Ketter, M. Khan, C. Kiesling, C. Kim, D. Y. Kim, H. Kim, J.-Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, H. Kindo, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Koga, S. Kohani, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, R. Kowalewski, M. Krein, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, Y. Kulii, D. Kumar, J. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Kunigo, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. Lacaprara, T. Lam, L. Lanceri, J. S. Lange, T. S. Lau, M. Laurenza, R. Leboucher, F. R. Le Diberder, H. Lee, M. J. Lee, C. Lemettais, P. Leo, C. Li, H.-J. Li, L. K. Li, Q. M. Li, S. X. Li, W. Z. Li, Y. Li, Y. B. Li, Y. P. Liao, J. Libby, J. Lin, S. Lin, Z. Liptak, V. Lisovskyi, C. Liu, G. Liu, M. H. Liu, Q. Y. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, D. Liventsev, S. Longo, A. Lozar, T. Lueck, C. Lyu, J. L. Ma, Y. Ma, M. Maggiora, S. P. Maharana, R. Maiti, G. Mancinelli, R. Manfredi, E. Manoni, M. Mantovano, D. Marcantonio, S. Marcello, M. Marfoli, C. Marinas, C. Martellini, A. Martens, T. Martinov, L. Massaccesi, M. Masuda, T. Matsuda, K. Matsuoka, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, M. Maushart, F. Mawas, J. A. McKenna, Z. Mediankin Gruberová, R. Mehta, F. Meier, D. Meleshko, M. Merola, C. Miller, M. Mirra, K. Miyabayashi, H. Miyake, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, S. Moneta, A. L. Moreira de Carvalho, H.-G. Moser, N. Mudgal, Th. Muller, H. Murakami, R. Mussa, I. Nakamura, K. R. Nakamura, M. Nakao, Y. Nakazawa, M. Naruki, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, M. Nayak, M. Neu, M. Niiyama, S. Nishida, R. Nomaru, A. Novosel, S. Ogawa, R. Okubo, H. Ono, Y. Onuki, I. Ostrowski, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, A. Panta, S. Pardi, K. Parham, J. Park, K. Park, S.-H. Park, A. Passeri, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, R. Pestotnik, M. Piccolo, L. E. Piilonen, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, T. Podobnik, L. Polat, A. Prakash, V. Prasad, C. Praz, S. Prell, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, S. Privalov, I. Prudiiev, H. Purwar, P. Rados, S. Raiz, K. Ravindran, J. U. Rehman, M. Reif, S. Reiter, M. Remnev, L. Reuter, D. Ricalde Herrmann, I. Ripp-Baudot, G. Rizzo, S. H. Robertson, J. M. Roney, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, G. Russo, S. Saha, L. Salutari, D. A. Sanders, S. Sandilya, L. Santelj, C. Santos, V. Savinov, B. Scavino, J. Schmitz, S. Schneider, M. Schnepf, K. Schoenning, C. Schwanda, Y. Seino, K. Senyo, J. Serrano, M. E. Sevior, C. Sfienti, W. Shan, C. P. Shen, X. D. Shi, T. Shillington, T. Shimasaki, J.-G. Shiu, D. Shtol, A. Sibidanov, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, J. Skorupa, R. J. Sobie, M. Sobotzik, A. Soffer, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, W. Song, S. Spataro, K. Špenko, B. Spruck, M. Starič, P. Stavroulakis, S. Stefkova, R. Stroili, J. Strube, M. Sumihama, K. Sumisawa, N. Suwonjandee, M. Takahashi, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, F. Testa, A. Thaller, T. Tien Manh, O. Tittel, R. Tiwary, E. Torassa, K. Trabelsi, F. F. Trantou, I. Tsaklidis, M. Uchida, I. Ueda, T. Uglov, K. Unger, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Ushiroda, S. E. Vahsen, R. van Tonder, K. E. Varvell, M. Veronesi, A. Vinokurova, V. S. Vismaya, L. Vitale, V. Vobbilisetti, R. Volk, R. Volpe, M. Wakai, S. Wallner, M.-Z. Wang, A. Warburton, M. Watanabe, S. Watanuki, C. Wessel, E. Won, X. P. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, S. Yamada, W. Yan, W. Yan, J. Yelton, K. Yi, J. H. Yin, K. Yoshihara, C. Z. Yuan, J. Yuan, L. Yuan, Y. Yusa, L. Zani, F. Zeng, M. Zeyrek, B. Zhang, X. Zhao, V. Zhilich, J. S. Zhou, Q. D. Zhou, X. Y. Zhou, L. Zhu, R. Žlebčík

High Energy Physics (Experiment)

Differentiable Parametric Simulation and Reconstruction Models in Parnassus

Abdelrahman Elabd, Eilam Gross, Dmitrii Kobylianskii et al. (+2 more)

Parnassus is a framework for fast detector simulation and reconstruction, directly mapping truth-level particles onto reconstructed objects. Such models can be built from deep generative networks trained on paired samples, which are fit automatically to a target detector, or from parametric prescriptions of the kind used by Delphes, which are constructed by hand. We remove this asymmetry by making the parametric models fully differentiable so that their parameters can be fit to a target sample by gradient descent. We demonstrate closure by fitting a parametric model to samples from a known configuration of itself, recovering the generating parameters and characterizing the degeneracies among them, and we present a first fit to CMS full simulation. The resulting models are interpretable, inexpensive, and run in the standard Parnassus pipeline which is fully Python based and GPU enabled.
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All authors Abdelrahman Elabd, Eilam Gross, Dmitrii Kobylianskii, Runze Li, Benjamin Nachman

High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from hep-ph

$\Delta$ resonance contributions to QED radiative corrections in neutron and inverse beta decay

Oleksandr Tomalak and Yi-Bo Yang

We incorporate the $\Delta(1232)$ resonance into pion-induced QED radiative corrections to neutron decay and inverse beta decay (IBD). Within the framework of heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory with explicit $\Delta$ degrees of freedom, we compute additional contributions and study their impact on IBD cross sections and on the renormalization of the nucleon isovector vector and axial-vector charges. $\Delta$ resonance does not renormalize the vector charge. For the axial-vector charge, including the $\Delta$ resonance improves convergence and reduces the QED radiative correction to the experiment-over-lattice-QCD ratio $g_A/\left(g^\mathrm{QCD}_A g_V\right)$. $\Delta$ resonance increases the pion-induced QED radiative corrections to IBD by a factor $1.2$-$1.3$.
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Sunday 23 August

High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from hep-lat

Calculation of neutron electric dipole moment from Lattice QCD

Thomas Blum, Fangcheng He, Taku Izubuchi et al. (+3 more)

Experimental constraints on the neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM) may imply strong-CP problem in QCD, or unnatural smallness of the QCD theta angle. In this work, we present a novel determination of the neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM) $d_n$ sensitivity to theta term from nonperturbative QCD on a lattice with background electric field. Using Feynman-Hellmann theorem, we compute nEDM from the matrix element of local topological charge density between nucleon ground states spatially polarized by an electric field. These states have mixed spatial parity, and we construct them using variational analysis. We obtain statistically significant signal for the theta induced nEDM from lattices with 2+1 dynamical domain wall fermions corresponding to pion masses of 340, 420, and 576 MeV and lattice spacing $a\approx 0.11~\text{fm}$. After extrapolating to the physical point, we obtain $d_n=-0.0050(4)(8)\bar{\theta}$ e$\cdot$fm. Comparison with the current experimental bound on nEDM implies constraint $|\bar{\theta}|\lesssim 10^{-11}$, which confirms existence of the strong-CP problem in QCD. Our pioneering work demonstrates that neutron EDM can be reliably determined from the local density of topological charge with robust control of systematic effects, and can be directly extended to other CP-violating interactions.
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All authors Thomas Blum, Fangcheng He, Taku Izubuchi, Luchang Jin, Hiroshi Ohki, Sergey Syritsyn

High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from physics.ins-det

Impact of Environmental Stress on Low Gain Avalanche Diode Sensors Response

Mohamed Hijas Mohamed Farook, Gaetano Barone, Diallo Boye et al. (+9 more)

Low Gain Avalanche Diodes or LGADs are silicon sensors capable of achieving excellent timing resolution due to their characteristic internal gain. Detectors based on LGAD technology play a crucial role in High Energy and Nuclear Physics experiments, among other applications. However, their performance is affected by environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and storage conditions. A systematic evaluation of the response of LGAD sensors as a function of these environmental parameters is therefore of essential importance for any application. LGAD sensors fabricated at the Brookhaven National Laboratory are characterized and stress-tested against various operating conditions, such as rapid temperature and humidity changes. Dedicated and detailed simulations are used to interpret the experimental results.
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All authors Mohamed Hijas Mohamed Farook, Gaetano Barone, Diallo Boye, Gabriele D'Amen, Gabriele Giacomini, Timo Peltola, Jennifer Roloff, Enrico Rossi, Trevor Russell, Sally Seidel, Alessandro Tricoli, Lixing Wang

High Energy Physics (Experiment)

Scouting Super Resolution: from HLT-Level Reconstruction to Offline-like Quality

Maurizio Pierini

Data scouting, introduced by the CMS collaboration in 2011, is a technique to extend the reach of the experiment beyond what full-event storage bandwidth allows: rather than the complete event record, only the physics objects already reconstructed by the High-Level Trigger (HLT) are persisted, which makes it affordable to record O(10) times more data than the standard physics stream. The price for this rate increase is in experimental resolution: online reconstruction has typically a lower resolution and a worse response, mostly due to shortcuts taken to speed up the reconstruction and to the use of suboptimal calibration constants. For this reason, scouting data has mostly been used when the resolution loss is negligible in absolute terms (muons) or with respect to the offline resolution (jets). In any case, the need to derive specific online-to-offline corrections has been a limiting factor. We show that a regression trained on a given object and the surrounding particle cloud can bring the gap between online and offline resolution within the typical uncertainty band of the offline data. This procedure could be applied to the scouting monitoring stream, the subset of scouting data also reconstructed offline. We demonstrate this on CMS Run-1 Open Data, reprocessed through paired HLT and offline passes over the same events. One architecture, applied unchanged to electrons and jets, suppresses residual biases by one to two orders of magnitude on various quantities (kinematics, isolation, energy composition) and achieves a resolution improvement. Measured differentially in p_T, the corrected objects fall inside the offline calibration uncertainties CMS quotes for this dataset, where the uncorrected HLT objects lie outside them: a corrected object can be treated with the standard, centrally provided calibration, bringing scouting data much closer to offline data for practical purposes.
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Saturday 22 August

High Energy Physics (Experiment)

Gaussian-derivative expansion of detector resolution functions via convolution

Zan Ren

In detector-based spectroscopy and high-energy physics, the observed lineshape of a narrow resonance is distorted by the finite resolution of the detector. While the Gaussian is the standard first approximation, realistic resolution functions deviate from it in nontrivial ways. We present a unified Fourier-space framework in which a resolution function that can be written as a Gaussian convolved with a kernel, $f=G*h$, is expanded into a series of Gaussian derivatives. The Voigtian distribution serves as the prototype, and the mechanism extends to arbitrary kernels whose Fourier transforms are analytic at the origin and of exponential type. We establish an admissibility criterion, and then examine several kernels used in practice— smeared Hypatia, Cruijff, the Laplacian distribution, and the generalised hyperbolic core—classifying each as directly, perturbatively, or asymptotically admissible. The framework thus provides a common language for comparing and constructing non-Gaussian resolution parametrisations around the Gaussian.
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High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from physics.atom-ph

Bound and Resonant Spectra of Few-Lepton Coulomb Systems

Liang-Zhen Wen, Yao Ma, Zhi-He Shen et al. (+1 more)

We present a unified calculation of bound and resonant states in purely leptonic Coulomb systems: $e^-e^-e^+$ ($\mathrm{Ps}^-$), $\mu^+e^-e^-$ ($\mathrm{Mu}^-$), $\mu^+\mu^+e^-$ ($\mathrm{Mu}_2^+$), $e^+e^+e^-e^-$ ($\mathrm{Ps}_2$), and $\mu^+\mu^+e^-e^-$ ($\mathrm{Mu}_2$). Using an extended stochastic variational method combined with the complex scaling method, we resolve the natural-parity $S$- and $P$-wave spectra. Near their respective $n=2$ thresholds, all three trilepton systems exhibit Gailitis–Damburg sequences generated by $2S$ and $2P$ Stark mixing and the resulting inverse-square attraction. Although microscopically distinct from the Efimov effect, this mechanism produces the same inverse-square asymptotics and geometric scaling. The $\mathrm{Ps}^-$ and $\mathrm{Mu}^-$ systems exhibit resonance sequences of comparable density, whereas the $\mathrm{Mu}_2^+$ produces a much denser spectrum, with 20 resolved members in the $^3P^o$ channel. In $\mathrm{Mu}_2^+$, the deeper states follow molecular Born–Oppenheimer configurations, while the near-threshold spectrum is governed by the atomic $\mathrm{Mu}(2)+\mu^+$ structure. In $\mathrm{Ps}_2$, coupling between threshold-degenerate configurations is essential for a near-threshold bound state. In $\mathrm{Mu}_2$, the Born–Oppenheimer organization of the resonance spectrum is channel dependent.
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All authors Liang-Zhen Wen, Yao Ma, Zhi-He Shen, Shi-Lin Zhu

Friday 21 August

High Energy Physics (Experiment)

Hadronic Mono-Z Dark Matter Sensitivity with Flow Matching on CMS Open Data

Hitesh Rasineni and Bhavishya Chebrolu

We present a projected sensitivity study for hadronic mono-$Z$ dark-matter production using CMS Run~2015D HTMHT open data corresponding to 2.256382381~\invfb, from which 1{,}439{,}523 events satisfy the hadronic mono-$Z$ selection. Backgrounds are modelled with a conditional flow-matching continuous normalizing flow trained on the selected HTMHT events and evaluated on a held-out validation split reweighted to the full selected population. To mitigate artifacts from missing-object features and avoid in-sample scoring bias we apply sentinel imputation for undefined angular features, persist the train/validation split indices, and enforce a minimum reported background yield of 20 events when selecting the working point. A signal-side offline trigger proxy is applied to the simulated signal before scoring. Under this procedure the baseline analysis yields expected significances of 2.89$\sigma$, 7.62$\sigma$, and 7.41$\sigma$ for three simplified-model benchmarks. An ablation study that removes the detailed extra-jet kinematics reduces the expected significance by 53–71%, indicating that extra-jet topology carries substantial discriminating power in the hadronic mono-$Z$ channel. These results are projected sensitivities (no unblinding performed); the limitations and reproducibility of the study are discussed in Sections limitations and reproducibility.
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High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from physics.ins-det

Reconstructing High-Fidelity Light Yield Maps for Surface LArTPCs Using Crossing Cosmic Muons

Alex Heindel, Wei Shi, Angelo Ralaikoto et al. (+5 more)

Photon detection systems in liquid argon time projection chambers provide prompt scintillation light information that can improve triggering, timing, calorimetry, and interaction reconstruction. These applications require an understanding of the spatial dependence of the detected light yield (LY), which is not adequately described by a single detector-wide average. We present a method for reconstructing voxelized 3D light yield maps in surface LArTPCs using crossing cosmic muons. For each selected muon, the path length through every crossed voxel is converted to deposited energy using a minimum ionizing particle approximation, producing a linear system relating the unknown voxel light yields to the total detected photon signal. The resulting inverse problem is solved using nonnegative least squares, with an additional $L_2$ smoothness penalty used to stabilize weakly constrained voxel values. The method is studied in simulation using the ProtoDUNE-VD detector geometry and photon detection system. Reconstructed maps recover the dominant spatial structure of a visibility-based truth reference and respond as expected to changes in the photon detector configuration. Smoothness regularization reduces zero-valued voxels and localized fluctuations while leaving the detector-average light yield approximately unchanged at the selected regularization strengths. The voxel-wise RMSE relative to the truth reference is reduced by approximately 44% for the regularized reconstruction.
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All authors Alex Heindel, Wei Shi, Angelo Ralaikoto, Shuaixiang Zhang, Laura Paulucci, Franciole Marinho, Maressa Pimenta Sampaio, Sanskar Jain

High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from hep-ph

Electroweak and Single Top-Quark Conspiracy in Current LHC Data

Christoph Englert, Roman Kogler and Michael Spannowsky

Recent LHC measurements of electroweak single top-quark and top-quark associated Higgs boson production show a number of rate shifts, while related multiboson channels remain close to their Standard Model predictions. Gauge symmetry relates these processes such that deviations can be organised as the low-energy imprint of a common ultraviolet origin. A Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) analysis of these rates together with $Z$-pole observables identifies the pattern: a weak top dipole and a triple-gauge deformation carry the largest pulls, accompanied by a positive left-handed top-quark current. An acceptable fit is also obtained with the pure triple-gauge coefficient set to zero. We then ask whether a gauge-invariant model can produce this set of operators and still pass the numerous constraints from experimental data. Within weakly coupled renormalisable matching, no single scalar, vector or vector-like-quark multiplet is sufficient to reproduce the full pattern. A minimal possibility is a multi-threshold vector-like-quark sector (a singlet, a doublet and two triplets) whose currents arise at tree level, while the dipole requires additional loop dynamics that the current sector does not fix. A representative realisation, confronted with direct, indirect and flavour constraints, points to correlated measurements of electroweak single top-quark production, improved $tH$ and $t \bar t H$ sensitivity, and updated searches for vector-like quarks.
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High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from hep-ph

Efficient Event Generation for High-Multiplicity LHC Processes: An End-to-End GPU Workflow with Normalizing Flows

Enrico Bothmann, Joshua Isaacson, Claudius Krause et al. (+3 more)

Producing very large unweighted event samples for high-multiplicity processes is limited by expensive matrix-element evaluations and low unweighting efficiencies. We present the first end-to-end GPU-resident event-generation workflow that integrates normalizing-flow proposals with the parton-level event generator Pepper. Helicity-conditioned coupling flows are trained using online updates supplemented by sample replay and deployed across all subprocesses of complete proton–proton collision processes with many final-state jets. In this workflow, a Python-based control layer and Pepper exchange flow-generated phase-space points and the corresponding target-density evaluations directly in device memory. The control layer performs flow sampling, proposal-density evaluation, and unweighting, while Pepper evaluates the matrix elements, PDFs, and phase-space factors defining the target density and writes the accepted events in standard formats. We compare subprocess-specific flows, with one flow per partonic subprocess, to grouped conditional flows that share parameters among subprocesses with related parton content. The workflow is benchmarked for $pp \to e^+e^- + 4j$, $pp \to e^+e^- + 5j$, $pp \to t \bar t + 4j$, $pp \to 4j$, and $pp \to 5j$ production. On four H100 GPUs, we generate $10^9$ unweighted events for each benchmark process. Including the cost of flow training, the workflow achieves end-to-end speedups of up to two orders of magnitude over standalone Pepper event generation and turns a multi-week task into a sub-day computation. It thereby makes billion-event production more practical and offers a pathway to alleviating the Monte Carlo statistics bottleneck in high-multiplicity collider physics.
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All authors Enrico Bothmann, Joshua Isaacson, Claudius Krause, Carla J. López-Zurita, Maximilian Spannring, Daohan Wang

High Energy Physics (Experiment)

On-Detector Machine Learning for Beam-Induced Background Rejection at a 10 TeV Muon Collider

Daniel Abadjiev, Eliza Howard, Tsz Ngong You et al. (+35 more)

A 10 TeV Muon Collider is a compelling candidate for a future energy-frontier facility, offering unprecedented opportunities to explore the fundamental laws of particle physics. Muon decays in the collider ring produce intense beam-induced background (BIB) that can overwhelm detector occupancy and exceed readout bandwidth constraints. We investigate the potential of on-detector Machine Learning for BIB rejection in the vertex detector, exploiting pixel cluster shapes to distinguish background from collision products. We study three classes of lightweight neural-network architectures, and evaluate their implementation feasibility using high-level synthesis. Selected architectures achieve 88 to 90% data reduction at 99% signal efficiency, while requiring hardware resources compatible with potential ASIC implementation. These results demonstrate the potential of performing substantial BIB rejection directly in the pixel readout, providing a strategy for meeting the tracker readout requirements at a future Muon Collider.
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All authors Daniel Abadjiev, Eliza Howard, Tsz Ngong You, Ryan Michaud, Benjamin Ryan Roberts, Benjamin Rosser, Karri Folan Di Petrillo, Doug Berry, Arghya Ranjan Das, Jennet Dickinson, Giuseppe Di Guglielmo, Harshul Gupta, Farah Fahim, Abhijith Gandrakota, Lindsey Gray, James Hirschauer, David Jiang, Shiqi Kuang, Ron Lipton, Mira Littmann, Miaoyuan Liu, Nicholas Manganelli, Petar Maksimovic, Corrinne Mills, Mark S. Neubauer, Aidan Nicholas, Benjamin Parpillon, Jannicke Pearkes, Adam Quinn, Danush Shekar, Ricardo Silvestre, Chinar Syal, Morris Swartz, Nhan Tran, Amit Trivedi, Keith Ulmer, Mohammad Abrar Wadud, Benjamin Weiss

High Energy Physics (Experiment)

Development of A Novel Compton Camera for MeV Gamma-Ray Measurement in Space

Pingwei Sun, Wenxiang Fang, Guorong He et al. (+10 more)

The astrophysical gamma rays in the MeV energy region have not yet been well-explored due to the limitation of detection technology in the past decades, and the famous gamma-ray "MeV gap" exists. Opening the window of MeV gamma-ray is not only critical for the gamma astronomy but also essential for rich frontier researches in astro-particle physics, such as detecting light dark matter, probing the primordial black hole and better understanding of nucleosynthesis. As a pilot experiment of the project for dark matter detection in space at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, a three-layer Compton camera with the energy resolution better than 4% and position resolution of ~2 mm is developed utilizing the novel scintillators. Here we show the design, detailed calibration and validation results of the novel Compton camera, and demonstrate its good ability of MeV gamma-ray source imaging for the upcoming in-orbit mission.
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All authors Pingwei Sun, Wenxiang Fang, Guorong He, Zhen Wu, Jinghe Yang, Jiancheng Zeng, Yiyu Pan, Jiacheng Ding, Enzhao Qi, Jiahao Su, Haoran Yang, Bowen Zhu, Mengjiao Xiao

High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from hep-ph

Implications of two-channel rescattering for charm CP violation from precise dispersive data

Antonio Pich, Eleftheria Solomonidi and Luiz Vale Silva

The experimental observation of large CP violation in charm-meson hadronic decays remains theoretically unexplained within the Standard Model. The data-driven approach which accounts for the rescattering between the final-state pion and kaon pairs provides predictions that fall short of the experimental values. However, it relies on a set of inputs that exhibit large uncertainties. In this work, we make optimal use of the available information on branching ratios and of only one strong-scattering input parameter that is well determined. We find that it remains unlikely to explain the experimental signal within this approach and obtain predictions for sum rules that constrain CP asymmetries of the pion and kaon channels.
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High Energy Physics (Experiment)

New Limits on $n \rightarrow n'$ Transformation from HFIR Cold Neutron Beam

James M. Rogers, Leah J. Broussard, Christopher B. Crawford et al. (+16 more)

Hypothetical neutron $n$ to sterile neutron $n'$ transformations would violate baryon number $\mathcal{B}$ and point to the nature of Dark Matter. We performed a new search for $n \rightarrow n'$ using an intense cold neutron beam from the High Flux Isotope Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. We used a theoretical model that describes the transformation $n \rightarrow n'$ with two parameters: a small mass difference $\Delta{m}$ between the interaction states $n$ and $n'$ and a mixing vacuum angle $\theta_0$. A thin absorbing cadmium wafer was used in the center of the superconducting 6.6 T magnet which provided a large gradient for the non-adiabatic $n \rightarrow n'$ transition. No signal was observed above background in the $^{3}\text{He}$ neutron detector 20 meters downstream of the magnet. This result gives an order of magnitude improvement in the lower limit for the probability $2\theta_0^2$ of the $n \rightarrow n'$ transformation in vacuum in the range of $\Delta{m}$ between $0.1$ neV and $1000$ neV.
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All authors James M. Rogers, Leah J. Broussard, Christopher B. Crawford, Lisa DeBeer-Schmitt, Matthew J. Frost, Francisco M. Gonzalez, Carolyn O. Haviland, Lawrence Heilbronn, Erik B. Iverson, Yuri Kamyshkov, Mubasshir Khan, Andrew Mullins, David Milstead, Linus B. Persson, Cary Rock, Valentina Santoro, Alexander Saunders, Shaun Vavra, Nathan D. Whittington

High Energy Physics (Experiment)

Angular analysis of the decay ${\it \Lambda}_{\it b}^{0} \to {\it \Lambda}(1520){\it \mu^{+}\mu^{-}}$

LHCb collaboration: R. Aaij, M. Abdelfatah, A.S.W. Abdelmotteleb et al. (+1188 more)

The first angular analysis of ${\it \Lambda}_{\it b}^{0} \to {\it \Lambda}(1520){\it \mu^{+}\mu^{-}}$ decays is presented, using proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector between 2011 and 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb$^{-1}$. The leptonic forward-backward asymmetry, $A_\text{FB, 3/2}^\ell$, and the $CP$-averaged angular observable, $S_{1cc}$, are determined by fitting projections of the angular distributions in four intervals of the square of the dimuon invariant mass between 0.1 and 12.5 GeV$^2/c^4$. The results are in good agreement with predictions based on the Standard Model of particle physics.
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All authors LHCb collaboration: R. Aaij, M. Abdelfatah, A.S.W. Abdelmotteleb, C. Abellan Beteta, F. Abudinén, T. Ackernley, A.A. Adefisoye, B. Adeva, M. Adinolfi, P. Adlarson, C. Agapopoulou, C.A. Aidala, S. Akar, K. Akiba, H. Al Saleh, P. Albicocco, J. Albrecht, R. Aleksiejunas, F. Alessio, P. Alvarez Cartelle, A.A. Alves Jr, S. Amato, J.L. Amey, Y. Amhis, Z. Amos, L. An, L. Anderlini, P. Andreola, M. Andreotti, S. Andres Estrada, A. Anelli, D. Ao, C. Arata, F. Archilli, Z. Areg, M. Argenton, S. Arguedas Cuendis, L. Arnone, M. Artuso, E. Aslanides, R. Ataíde Da Silva, M. Atzeni, B. Audurier, J.A. Authier, D. Bacher, I. Bachiller Perea, S. Bachmann, M. Bachmayer, J.J. Back, M. Bai, Z.B. Bai, V. Balagura, A. Balboni, W. Baldini, Z. Baldwin, L. Balzani, H. Bao, J. Baptista de Souza Leite, C. Barbero Pretel, I.R. Barbosa, W. Barker, R.J. Barlow, M. Barnyakov, S. Baron, S. Barsuk, W. Barter, J. Bartz, S. Bashir, B. Batsukh, P.B. Battista, A. Bavarchee, A. Bay, A. Beck, M. Becker, F. Bedeschi, I.B. Bediaga, N.A. Behling, S. Belin, A. Bellavista, I. Belyaev, G. Bencivenni, E. Ben-Haim, J.L.M. Berkey, R. Bernet, A. Bertolin, L. Bertsch, F. Betti, J. Bex, O. Bezshyyko, S. Bhattacharya, M.S. Bieker, N.V. Biesuz, A. Biolchini, M. Birch, F.C.R. Bishop, A. Bitadze, A. Bizzeti, T. Blake, F. Blanc, J.E. Blank, S. Blusk, J.A. Boelhauve, O. Boente Garcia, T. Boettcher, A. Bohare, C. Bolognani, R.B. Bonacci, A. Bordelius, F. Borgato, S. Borghi, M. Borsato, J.T. Borsuk, E. Bottalico, S.A. Bouchiba, M. Bovill, T.J.V. Bowcock, A. Boyer, C. Bozzi, J.D. Brandenburg, A. Brea Rodriguez, N. Breer, C. Breitfeld, J. Brodzicka, J. Brown, E. Buchanan, M. Burgos Marcos, C. Burr, E. Butera, C. Buti, J.S. Butter, W. Byczynski, S. Cadeddu, H. Cai, Y. Cai, Y. Cai, A. Caillet, R. Calabrese, L. Calefice, M. Calvi, M. Calvo Gomez, P. Camargo Magalhaes, J.I. Cambon Bouzas, P. Campana, A. Campomagnani, A.C. Campos, A.F. Campoverde Quezada, Y. Cao, S. Capelli, M. Caporale, L. Capriotti, R. Caravaca-Mora, A. Carbone, L. Carcedo Salgado, R. Cardinale, A. Cardini, P. Carniti, L. Carus, R. Caspary, G. Casse, M. Cattaneo, G. Cavallero, V. Cavallini, S. Celani, I. Celestino, S. Cesare, A.J. Chadwick, M. Charles, Ph. Charpentier, E. Chatzianagnostou, R. Cheaib, M. Chefdeville, C. Chen, J. Chen, S. Chen, Z. Chen, A. Chen Hu, M. Cherif, S. Chernyshenko, X. Chiotopoulos, G. Chizhik, V. Chobanova, A. Christakakis, M. Chrzaszcz, Y. Chu, V. Chulikov, P. Ciambrone, X. Cid Vidal, P. Cifra, P.E.L. Clarke, M. Clemencic, H.V. Cliff, J. Closier, C. Cocha Toapaxi, V. Coco, A. Codovini, C. Codovini, J. Cogan, E. Cogneras, L. Cojocariu, S. Collaviti, P. Collins, T. Colombo, M. Colonna, A. Comerma-Montells, L. Congedo, J. Connaughton, A. Contu, N. Cooke, A. Corallo, G. Cordova, C. Coronel, I. Corredoira, A. Correia, G. Corti, G.C. Costantino, C. Cotirlan, J. Cottee Meldrum, B. Couturier, D.C. Craik, N. Crepet, M. Cruz Torres, M. Cubero Campos, E. Curras Rivera, R. Currie, C.L. Da Silva, X. Dai, J. Dalseno, C. D'Ambrosio, G. Darze, A. Davidson, O. De Aguiar Francisco, C. De Angelis, F. De Benedetti, J. de Boer, K. De Bruyn, S. De Capua, M. De Cian, U. De Freitas Carneiro Da Graca, F. De Gregorio, E. De Lucia, J.M. De Miranda, L. De Paula, A. De Robertis, E. De Santis, M. De Serio, P. De Simone, F. De Vellis, J.A. de Vries, F. Debernardis, D. Decamp, S. Dekkers, L. Del Buono, B. Demaire-Lepape, J. Deng, O. Deschamps, F. Dettori, B. Dey, P. Di Nezza, S. Ding, Y. Ding, L. Dittmann, J.F. Diverchy, A.D. Docheva, A. Doheny, C. Dong, F. Dordei, J. Dorta Moreno, A.C. dos Reis, J. Dos Santos Oliveira, A.D. Dowling, L. Dreyfus, W. Duan, P. Duda, L. Dufour, V. Duk, P. Durante, M.M. Duras, J.M. Durham, K. Duwe, A. Dziurda, S. Easo, E. Eckstein, U. Egede, S. Eisenhardt, E. Ejopu, L. Eklund, M. Elashri, D. Elizondo Blanco, J. Ellbracht, S. Ely, A. Ene, T. Evans, F. Fabiano, S. Faghih, L.N. Falcao, B. Fang, R. Fantechi, L. Fantini, M. Faria, K. Farmer, F. Fassin, D. Fazzini, L. Felkowski, C. Feng, M. Feng, A. Fernandez Casani, M. Fernandez Gomez, B. Fernandez Rodino, J. Fernandez-John, A.D. Fernez, F. Ferrari, F. Ferreira Rodrigues, R.A. Fini, R. Fiorenza, M. Fiorini, M. Firlej, D.S. Fitzgerald, C. Fitzpatrick, T. Fiutowski, F. Fleuret, A. Fomin, M. Fontana, M. Fontes Vaz, L.A. Foreman, R. Forty, D. Foulds-Holt, V. Franco Lima, M. Franco Sevilla, M. Frank, E. Franzoso, G. Frau, C. Frei, D.A. Friday, J. Fu, Y. Fu, Q. Führing, T. Fulghesu, M. Fulghieri, G. Galati, M.D. Galati, A. Gallas Torreira, D. Galli, S. Gambetta, M. Gandelman, P. Gandini, B. Ganie, H. Gao, R. Gao, T.Q. Gao, Y. Gao, Y. Gao, Y. Gao, L.M. Garcia Martin, P. Garcia Moreno, J. García Pardiñas, P. Gardner, L. Garrido, C. Gaspar, A. Gavrikov, J. George, E. Gersabeck, M. Gersabeck, T. Gershon, S. Ghizzo, Z. Ghorbanimoghaddam, F.I. Giasemis, V. Gibson, H.K. Giemza, A.L. Gilman, M. Giovannetti, A. Gioventù, L. Girardey, M.A. Giza, F.C. Glaser, V.V. Gligorov, A. Glioti, C. Göbel, L. Golinka-Bezshyyko, E. Golobardes, A. Golutvin, S. Gomez Fernandez, A.G. Gomez Mongui, W. Gomulka, F. Goncalves Abrantes, I. Gonçales Vaz, M. Goncerz, G. Gong, S. Gong, J.A. Gooding, C. Gotti, E. Govorkova, J.P. Grabowski, L.A. Granado Cardoso, R. Grande Quartieri, E. Graugés, E. Graverini, L. Grazette, G. Graziani, A.T. Grecu, N.A. Grieser, L. Grillo, C. Gu, M. Guarise, L. Guerry, M. Guittiere, A.-K. Guseinov, Y. Guz, T. Gys, K. Habermann, T. Hadavizadeh, C. Hadjivasiliou, G. Haefeli, C. Haen, S. Haken, G. Hallett, P.M. Hamilton, Q. Han, S. Han, X. Han, S. Hansmann-Menzemer, N. Harnew, T.J. Harris, L. Hartman, M. Hartmann, S. Hashmi, J. He, N. Heatley, A. Hedes, F. Hemmer, C. Henderson, R. Henderson, R.D.L. Henderson, A.M. Hennequin, K. Hennessy, A. Henrot, J. Herd, P. Herrero Gascon, J. Heuel, A. Heyn, A. Hicheur, G. Hijano Mendizabal, J. Horswill, R. Hou, Y. Hou, D.C. Houston, N. Howarth, W. Hu, X. Hu, W. Hulsbergen, R.J. Hunter, D. Hutchcroft, M. Idzik, P. Ilten, A. Iohner, S. Jacevicius, H. Jage, S.J. Jaimes Elles, S. Jakobsen, T. Jakoubek, E. Jans, A. Jawahery, C. Jayaweera, A. Jelavic, V. Jevtic, Z. Jia, E. Jiang, X. Jiang, Y. Jiang, Y.J. Jiang, E. Jimenez Moya, N. Jindal, M. John, A. John Rubesh Rajan, D. Johnson, C.R. Jones, S. Joshi, B. Jost, J. Juan Castella, N. Jurik, I. Juszczak, K. Kalecinska, D. Kaminaris, S. Kandybei, M. Kane, Y. Kang, C. Kar, A. Kauniskangas, J.W. Kautz, M.K. Kazanecki, F. Keizer, M. Kenzie, T. Ketel, B. Khanji, S. Kholodenko, V. Kholoimov, G. Khreich, F. Kiraz, T. Kirn, V.S. Kirsebom, N. Kleijne, A. Kleimenova, D. Klekots, K. Klimaszewski, M.R. Kmiec, T. Knospe, R. Kolb, S. Koliiev, L. Kolk, A. Konoplyannikov, P. Kopciewicz, P. Koppenburg, A. Korchin, I. Kostiuk, O. Kot, S. Kotriakhova, E. Kowalczyk, O. Kravcov, M. Kreps, W. Krupa, W. Krzemien, O. Kshyvanskyi, S. Kubis, M. Kucharczyk, A. Kupsc, A. Kurzina, V. Kushnir, B. Kutsenko, J. Kvapil, I. Kyryllin, D. Lacarrere, P. Laguarta Gonzalez, A. Lai, A. Lampis, D. Lancierini, C. Landesa Gomez, G. Lanfranchi, C. Langenbruch, T. Latham, F. Lazzari, C. Lazzeroni, R. Le Gac, H. Lee, R. Lefèvre, M. Lehuraux, C. Lemettais, E. Lemos Cid, O. Leroy, T. Lesiak, E.D. Lesser, B. Leverington, A. Li, C. Li, C. Li, H. Li, J. Li, K. Li, L. Li, L. Li, P. Li, P.-R. Li, Q. Li, T. Li, T. Li, W. Li, Y. Li, Y. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, Z. Lian, Q. Liang, X. Liang, Z. Liang, S. Libralon, A. Lightbody, J. Lin, S. Lin, T. Lin, R. Lindner, H. Linton, R. Litvinov, D. Liu, F.L. Liu, G. Liu, K. Liu, S. Liu, W. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. Liu, Y.L. Liu, G. Loachamin Ordonez, I. Lobo, A. Lobo Salvia, A. Loi, T. Long, F.C.L. Lopes, J.H. Lopes, A. Lopez Huertas, C. Lopez Iribarnegaray, Q. Lu, C. Lucarelli, D. Lucchesi, M. Lucio Martinez, Y. Luo, A. Lupato, M. Lupberger, E. Luppi, K. Lynch, J. Lyu, S. Lyu, X.-R. Lyu, H. Ma, S. Maccolini, F. Machefert, F. Maciuc, B. Mack, I. Mackay, L.M. Mackey, L.R. Madhan Mohan, M.J. Madurai, D. Magdalinski, J.J. Malczewski, S. Malde, L. Malentacca, G. Manca, C. 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Zheng, X.Z. Zheng, Y. Zheng, T. Zhou, X. Zhou, V. Zhovkovska, L.Z. Zhu, X. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. Zhu, V. Zhukov, J. Zhuo, T. Zies, D. Zuliani, X. Zuo

High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from hep-ph

The ABC of RPV III: Classification of R-parity Violating Signatures from LQD Couplings and their Coverage at the LHC

Herbi K. Dreiner, Yong Sheng Koay, Tina Potter et al. (+4 more)

We consider the R-parity violating Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (RPV-MSSM) with its wide range of signatures as a test model for the coverage of beyond the Standard Model searches at the LHC. Here we present a systematic study of the phenomenological and experimental status of specifically the R-parity violating $LQ\bar D$ operators, as the third study in the ABC of RPV series, following our previous analyses of the $LL\bar E$ and $\bar U\bar D\bar D$ operators. We classify the distinct collider signatures for all possible LSPs and for eight representative $LQ\bar D$ couplings, considering both direct LSP production and production through gauge cascades. Assuming one non-zero $LQ\bar D$ coupling at a time, we assess the current LHC coverage using ATLAS and CMS searches implemented in $\texttt{CheckMATE 2}$, and identify recent searches relevant for future recasting. We find substantial sensitivity to the colored sector, while gaps remain for wino- and higgsino-like LSPs for couplings involving $\tau$ leptons, when the LSP is the only sparticle within the LHC kinematic limit. Slepton LSPs remain unconstrained in their direct production at the LHC, although some sensitivity is found for slepton NLSPs with a bino-like LSP. These results highlight gaps in the $\texttt{CheckMATE 2}$ search database, as well as the need for targeted LHC searches for specific $LQ\bar D$ signatures.
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All authors Herbi K. Dreiner, Yong Sheng Koay, Tina Potter, Martin Schürmann, Rhitaja Sengupta, Apoorva Shah, Nadja Strobbe

High Energy Physics (Experiment)

Evidence for $\eta_{c}(2S)\to p\bar{p}\pi^{+}\pi^{-}\pi^{0}$ and observation of $\chi_{cJ} \to p\bar{p}\pi^{+}\pi^{-}\pi^{0}$

BESIII Collaboration: M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson et al. (+771 more)

Using $(2.712\pm0.014)\times 10^9$ $\psi(3686)$ events collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, the $\psi(3686) \to \gamma p\bar{p}\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ process is investigated. Evidence for the decay of $\eta_{c}(2S)\to p\bar{p}\pi^{+}\pi^{-}\pi^{0}$ is found with a signal significance of 3.3$\sigma$. The product of branching fractions of $\mathcal{B}[\psi(3686)\to \gamma \eta_{c}(2S)]\times\mathcal{B}[\eta_{c}(2S)\to p\bar{p}\pi^{+}\pi^{-}\pi^{0}]$ is determined to be $(3.4\pm0.5\pm0.8) \times 10^{-6}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The hadronic decays of $\chi_{cJ} \to p\bar{p}\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$$~(J=0,1,2)$ are observed, and their branching fractions are measured to be $\mathcal{B}(\chi_{c0}\to p\bar{p}\pi^{+}\pi^{-}\pi^{0})=(4.79\pm 0.01\pm0.40) \times 10^{-3}$, $\mathcal{B}(\chi_{c1}\to p\bar{p}\pi^{+}\pi^{-}\pi^{0})=(2.13\pm 0.01\pm0.17) \times 10^{-3}$, and $\mathcal{B}(\chi_{c2}\to p\bar{p}\pi^{+}\pi^{-}\pi^{0})=(3.72\pm 0.01\pm0.29) \times 10^{-3}$, respectively. Furthermore, the branching fractions for the intermediate processes $\chi_{cJ}\to p\bar{p}\omega$ are updated with significantly improved precision: $\mathcal{B}(\chi_{c0}\to p\bar{p}\omega)=(5.76\pm0.01\pm0.42)\times10^{-4}$, $\mathcal{B}(\chi_{c1}\to p\bar{p}\omega)=(1.85\pm0.01\pm0.13)\times10^{-4}$, and $\mathcal{B}(\chi_{c2}\to p\bar{p}\omega)=(4.51\pm0.01\pm0.33)\times10^{-4}$, respectively.
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All authors BESIII Collaboration: M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson, X. C. Ai, C. S. Akondi, R. Aliberti, A. Amoroso, Q. An, Y. H. An, Y. Bai, O. Bakina, H. R. Bao, X. L. Bao, M. Barbagiovanni, V. Batozskaya, K. Begzsuren, N. Berger, M. Berlowski, M. B. Bertani, D. Bettoni, F. Bianchi, E. Bianco, A. Bortone, I. Boyko, R. A. Briere, A. Brueggemann, D. Cabiati, H. Cai, M. H. Cai, X. Cai, A. Calcaterra, G. F. Cao, N. Cao, S. A. Cetin, X. Y. Chai, J. F. Chang, T. T. Chang, G. R. Che, Y. Z. Che, C. H. Chen, Chao Chen, G. Chen, H. S. Chen, H. Y. Chen, M. L. Chen, S. J. Chen, S. M. Chen, T. Chen, W. Chen, X. R. Chen, X. T. Chen, X. Y. Chen, Y. B. Chen, Y. Q. Chen, Z. K. Chen, J. Cheng, L. N. Cheng, S. K. Choi, X. Chu, G. Cibinetto, F. Cossio, J. Cottee-Meldrum, H. L. Dai, J. P. Dai, X. C. Dai, A. Dbeyssi, R. E. de Boer, D. Dedovich, C. Q. Deng, Z. Y. Deng, A. Denig, I. Denisenko, M. Destefanis, F. De Mori, E. Di Fiore, X. X. Ding, Y. Ding, Y. X. Ding, Yi. Ding, J. Dong, L. Y. Dong, M. 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High Energy Physics (Experiment) · Cross-listed from physics.ins-det

Ion Irradiation of GridPix Detector at Bonn Isochronous Cyclotron

Vladislavs Plesanovs, Hemanth Manikantan, Dennis Sauerland et al. (+6 more)

The potential successor of the IXPE — the EXPO or Enhanced X-ray Polarimetry Observatory will have a new X-ray polarimeter based on GridPix technology. To certify this detector for operation within the expected radiation environment conditions, the irradiation tests were performed at the Bonn Isochronous Cyclotron at HISKPabbreviation\footnote{ stands for Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik or Helmholz Institute for Radiation and Nuclear Physics}, University of Bonn. Two beam modes were used — proton beam at 14\,MeV and 100\,MeV $^{14}\mathrm{N}^{5+}$ ions. The aforementioned GridPix detector contains the readout ASIC, Timepix, with $256\times256$ pixel grid with a pitch of \SI{55}{\micro\meter} and covered with a protection layer. The Al grid stands on the SU8 pillars above pixels forming the amplification stage. The alignment of grid holes and silicon pixels enable primary electron detection. This paper focuses on the description and results of these testbeams. The accumulated ion rates exceed by far the expected limits without a significant deterioration in chip performance.
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All authors Vladislavs Plesanovs, Hemanth Manikantan, Dennis Sauerland, Paolo Soffitta, Carlo Lefevre, Ettore Del Monte, Jochen Kaminski, Reinhard Beck, Klaus Desch